... refers to weapons that use microorganisms that infect and grow in humans or useful plants and animals to become pathogenic, and combat using biological weapons is called biological warfare. However, toxins produced by bacteria, such as botulinum toxin, are called toxin weapons and are distinguished from them. Because virology was not established until World War I, the Geneva Protocol, signed in 1925 to ban chemical weapons and poison gases, used the term bacteriological warfare methods, and for this reason, biological weapons in general are still sometimes called bacteriological weapons. *Some of the terminology that mentions "toxin weapon" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…人体や有用動植物に対して感染・増殖して病原性を示す微生物を戦争手段に適用した兵器をいい,生物兵器を使用する戦闘を生物戦という。しかし,ボツリヌス毒素など菌が産生した後の毒素は毒素兵器toxin weaponとよばれ区別されている。第1次大戦まではウイルス学が確立していなかったことなどのため,1925年に調印された化学兵器ないし毒ガスの禁止を目的とするジュネーブ議定書では細菌学的戦争方法という用語を使用し,このため,今でも生物兵器全体を細菌兵器bacteriological weaponとよぶことがある。… ※「toxin weapon」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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