…This demonstrated that animal cells have the ability to continue to grow and survive outside the body beyond the lifespan of the animal that provided the cells, and, together with the establishment of in vitro culture techniques, raised the question of the lifespan of an individual and the lifespan of the cells that compose it. Around the same time, the American couple WH Lewis and MR Lewis attempted to develop synthetic media with clearly defined components to replace natural media such as plasma, serum, lymph, ascites, and tissue extracts, which have variable chemical compositions and contain unknown substances. Later, many researchers, including H. Eagle, made efforts to reduce the ratio of natural media required for culture, and it is now possible to grow cells, although to a limited extent, using only synthetic media with precisely known components. In 1925, Maximow, in culturing tissue fragments from mammalian embryos, was the first to distinguish between cell culture and organ culture, clarifying the concepts and distinguishing them by terminology. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Lewis, MR" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…これによって,動物細胞は生体外では細胞を提供した動物の寿命を越えて増殖を続け,生存する能力をもつことを示し,生体外培養技術の確立とあわせて,個体の寿命とそれを構成する細胞の寿命とについての問題を提起した。同じころ,アメリカのルイス夫妻W.H.Lewis,M.R.Lewisによって,化学組成が一定せず,未知の物質も含まれている血漿,血清,リンパ液,腹水,組織抽出物などの天然培地の代りに,成分のはっきりした合成培地の開発が試みられ,その後,イーグルH.Eagleらの多くの研究者によって,培養に要求される天然培地の含有比率を少なくする努力がなされ,現在では,限られた範囲ではあるが,成分が正確にわかっている合成培地だけでも細胞を生育させることが可能になった。1925年に,マクシモーA.Maximowは哺乳類の胚の組織片の培養において,初めて培養を細胞培養と器官培養とに分けて,それらの概念を明確にし,術語によって区別した。… ※「Lewis,M.R.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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