…In outdoor plants, a large portion of phytochrome is in the PFR form at dusk, but most of it exists as P R at midnight. It is believed that such changes are significant in various reactions that occur circadianly in the plant body. In 1935, Flint LH Flint and EDM McAlister of the Smithsonian Institution discovered that the germination of seeds of the lettuce variety Grand Rapids was promoted by light in the 580-700 nm wavelength range, which marked the beginning of the discovery of phytochrome. Following this, in 1952, Borthwick HA Borthwick and others at the National Institute of Agronomy of the United States Department of Agriculture built a large spectrograph at the institute and measured the action spectrum of photogermination. They also discovered the photoreversibility phenomenon, in which the germination rate depends on whether the last light received was red light or near infrared light when 660 nm red light, which is the most effective for germination, was alternately given several times with 730 nm near infrared light, which counteracts the effect of 660 nm red light (Table 1). … *Some of the terminology that mentions "McAlister, ED" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…野外の植物では日暮れどきにはフィトクロムのかなりの部分はPFRになっているが,夜半にはほとんどがPRとして存在しており,このような変化が,日周的に起こる植物体内の種々の反応に意味をもっているものと考えられる。 1935年にスミソニアン研究所のフリントL.H.FlintとマッカリスターE.D.McAlisterがレタス品種グランドラピッドの種子の発芽が580~700nmの波長域の光で促進されることを見つけたのがフィトクロム発見への端緒となった。これを受けて52年にアメリカ農務省農学研究所のボースウィックH.A.Borthwickらは同研究所に大型スペクトログラフを建設し,光発芽の作用スペクトルを測定するとともに,発芽に最も有効な660nmの赤色光とその効果を打ち消す730nmの近赤外光を交互になん回か与えた場合,発芽率は最後に受けた光が赤色光であるか近赤外光であるかによって決まるという光可逆性現象を発見した(表1)。… ※「McAlister,E.D.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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