…This discovery was immediately pointed out as a possibility for the atomic bomb. The pursuit of transuranium elements continued, and Edwin Mattison McMillan (1907-91) discovered the first transuranium element, neptunium (1940). Later, Glenn Theodore Seaborg (1912- ) and others used advanced accelerators to create and identify a number of transuranium elements, and established the chemistry of these elements. … From [Transuranium Elements]…In 1937, element 43, which was thought not to exist on Earth, was artificially produced for the first time, and by around 1940, elements 85 and 61 had been successfully produced. Since then, attempts were made to produce elements heavier than uranium, the heaviest naturally occurring element. In 1940, American EM McMillan and others irradiated uranium with neutrons to produce element 93, neptunium, and further bombarded 238 U with deuterons to produce 238 Np, which then decayed to produce element 94, plutonium. However, in 1942, it was discovered that plutonium also exists in naturally occurring uranium. … *Some of the terminology referenced in "McMillan, EM" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…この発見が直ちに原子爆弾の可能性を示すものと指摘された。超ウラン元素の追求も続けられ,マクミランEdwin Mattison McMillan(1907‐91)は初の超ウラン元素ネプツニウムを発見した(1940)。その後シーボーグGlenn Theodore Seaborg(1912‐ )らは,進歩した加速器を用いて数々の超ウラン元素をつくり確認し,これら超ウラン元素の化学を確立した。… 【超ウラン元素】より…1937年,それまで地球上には存在しないと思われていた43番元素がはじめて人工的につくられ,さらに40年ころまでに85番元素や61番元素の製造に成功して以来,天然に存在する最も重い元素のウランよりもさらに重い元素をつくる試みがなされるようになった。そして40年,アメリカのマクミランE.M.McMillanらがウランに中性子を照射して93番元素ネプツニウムをつくり,さらに238Uを重陽子で衝撃して238Npをつくると,これがβ崩壊して94番元素プルトニウムが得られることを見いだした。ただし42年,天然に存在するウラン中にもプルトニウムの存在することが見いだされている。… ※「McMillan,E.M.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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