Missionary - Kaikyoshi

Japanese: 開教使 - かいきょうし

Monks sent overseas by religious organizations to spread Buddhism. They established branch temples, branch temples, missionary stations, and religious shrines in key locations overseas. Japanese Buddhist organizations, especially the Shinshu Honganji and Otani sects, sent monks to Siberia, Manchuria, Hawaii, and the west coast of North America from around the 1880s to spread Buddhism, in line with the overseas migration of Japanese people. The overseas mission system was systematically established as Japanese people advanced overseas following the Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese Wars. In August 1906, the Otani sect established the overseas missionary regulations, which for the first time defined those engaged in overseas missionary work as missionaries, missionary supervisors, and missionary teachers.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

仏教宣布のため外国への布教をはかるべく教団が海外に派遣した僧侶。海外枢要地に別院，支院，布教所，教社などを設置した。日本の仏教教団，なかでも真宗本願寺派と大谷派は，日本人の海外移住にあわせ，シベリア，満州，ハワイ，北米西海岸へ明治20年代ころより布教のため僧侶を派遣した。海外伝道体制は，日清･日露戦争による日本人の海外進出により，組織的に整備された。大谷派では，1906年8月に海外開教条規で，海外布教に従事する者を開教使，布教監督，布教員と，はじめて宗法上に位置づけた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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