A technology that uses electronic means to synthesize voice signals from text information in a computer or other system, outputs them through a speaker, and lets people hear them. The device used is called a speech synthesizer. It is used to read out text entered into a word processor for proofreading, to provide information services over the telephone, and as welfare equipment such as reading aids for the visually impaired. If the quality, size, and cost of speech synthesis improves, it is expected to be used as an interface for office and home computers. There are several types of speech synthesis, including the recording and editing method, which joins together pre-recorded words, the segment editing and synthesis method, which connects speech segments, and the analysis and synthesis method, which analyzes speech, breaks it down into information elements, and restores the original speech. The recording and editing method has difficulty in outputting arbitrary sentences, but is used in voice response devices that are sufficient with standardized responses. As the processing power of computers increases, the analysis and synthesis method, which solves the problem of smoothness in the connection between sounds, has come to be used, and the problem of how to give a style of intonation that sounds natural has also been largely solved. Many systems using analysis and synthesis have been researched and put into practical use, including various vocoders (a derivative of voice coder; a device that encodes and decodes voice signals) and the Percor system. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
コンピュータなどのシステム内にある文字情報から,それに対応する音声信号を電子工学的な手段によって合成してスピーカから出し,人に聞かせるための技術。使用する装置を音声合成装置 speech synthesizerという。ワードプロセッサで入力したテキストを読み上げさせて文章の校正に用いたり,電話を介しての情報サービス,視覚障害者用読書器のような福祉機器などに用いられている。高品質化と小型化・低価格化が進めば,オフィスや家庭のコンピュータのインターフェースとしての利用が期待される。音声合成には,あらかじめ録音した単語をつなぎ合わせる録音編集方式,単位の音声素片を連結する素片編集合成方式,音声を一度分析して情報要素に分解し,元の音声に復元する分析合成方式などがある。録音編集方式は任意の文章の出力が困難であるが,定型的な応答で十分な音声応答装置に使われる。コンピュータの処理能力が上がるにつれて,音と音のつながり部分のなめらかさの問題が解決された分析合成方式が使われるようになっており,文体のイントネーションをどのように与えれば自然に聞こえるかという問題もかなり解決された。分析合成方式は多くのシステムの研究,実用化が行なわれ,各種ボコーダ (voice coderからの派生語。音声信号からの符号化・復号化装置) ,パーコル方式などの方式がある。
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