...Venomous snakes of the Viperinae subfamily in particular have pit organs that are sensitive to infrared light, allowing them to attack targets reliably even at night. Snake venom is mainly made up of proteins and enzymes and contains various components, but the main components are hemorrhagins, which act on the vascular system and cause bleeding in tissues, and neurotoxins, which act on the nervous system, such as the respiratory center, and relax muscles. Viperidae contain a lot of hemorrhagic toxins, while Elapidae have a high rate of neurotoxin components. Since the content of various components varies depending on the species of venomous snake, only antisnake venom serum purified from the venom of the same species is effective for treatment. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "neurotoxin" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…とくにマムシ亜科の毒ヘビには赤外線に敏感なピット器官が備わり,夜間でも目標を確実に攻撃することができる。 ヘビ毒はおもにタンパク質と酵素からなり,種々の成分が含まれるが,主要成分は血管系統に作用し組織に出血させる出血毒hemorrhaginと,呼吸中枢などの神経系に作用して筋肉を弛緩させる神経毒neurotoxinで,クサリヘビ科では出血毒成分が多く含まれ,コブラ科では神経毒成分が含まれる率が高い。毒ヘビは種類によって各種成分の内容が異なるため,治療用の抗ヘビ毒血清は同一種の毒から精製されたものしか有効でない。… ※「neurotoxin」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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