A type of fossil ape. It was named after a fragment of a mandible found in a coal mine in Tuscany, Italy in 1872. The name means "mountain monkey." There were many theories about its taxonomic position at the time of its discovery, but in the 1950s, J. Hürzeler, based on the characteristics of its teeth, considered it to be an ancestor of humans, which attracted attention from all over the world. In 1958, a complete skeleton was discovered 200 meters underground in a coal mine in Tuscany, and after examination, it was considered to be an extinct species that belongs to the Hominoidea, but forms a separate family from the Orangutanidae and Hominidae. These specimens date to the late Miocene or early Pliocene of the Tertiary period. It mainly walked on four legs, but it seems to have had some ability to walk by hanging from its forelimbs. Its body was about the size of a chimpanzee, but its brain is thought to be about half that of a chimpanzee. [Shise Kahara] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
化石類人猿の一種。1872年にイタリアのトスカナ地方の炭鉱で発見された下顎骨(かがくこつ)破片に対してこのように命名された。「山のサル」の意。その分類学上の位置については発見当時から諸説があったが、1950年代にヒュルツェラーJ. Hürzelerが、その歯の特徴からこれを人類の祖先とみなし、諸方の注目をひいた。58年にトスカナ地方の炭鉱地下200メートルより全身骨格が発見され、検討された結果、ヒト上科には属するが、オランウータン科やヒト科とは別個の科を形成する絶滅種とみなされた。これらの標本の年代は第三紀中新世後期もしくは鮮新世前期である。四足歩行主体だが、前肢でぶら下がり移動する腕渡りの能力もある程度有していたらしい。体はチンパンジーぐらいの大きさであったが、脳はその半分程度とみられている。 [香原志勢] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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