…However, if the fuel output is suddenly increased, the pellets suddenly expand and push against the cladding tube. If this occurs during the burnup, fission products are accumulated between the pellets and the cladding, so the mechanical action of being pushed by the pellets and the chemical action of being corroded by the fission products combine to cause small cracks in the cladding tube due to stress corrosion cracking (SCC), which causes fission products to leak. The above phenomenon is called pellet-cladding interaction (PCI), and even now that the performance of fuel rods has improved significantly, it is a cause of leakage that still requires research. As a means of preventing pellet-cladding interaction, it is practiced to operate the reactor so that the local power of the fuel rod does not change suddenly when the power of the reactor is changed, and the attention described below is paid to the design and quality control of fuel rods, and the extremely low leakage during use at present is a testament to these efforts. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "pellet cladding interaction" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…しかし燃料の出力を急に上昇させると,ペレットが急に膨張し,被覆管を押すことになるが,これが燃焼の進んだときに起こると,ペレットと被覆の間には核分裂生成物がたまっているので,ペレットに押されるという力学作用と核分裂生成物に腐食されるという化学作用が合わさって,被覆管の応力腐食割れstress corrosion cracking(SCC)により小さな割れ目ができて核分裂生成物のもれの原因となる。以上の現象をペレット・被覆相互作用pellet cladding interaction(PCI)と呼び,燃料棒の性能がきわめて良くなっている現在でもなお研究を要するもれの原因である。ペレット・被覆相互作用を防ぐ手段として,原子炉の出力を変化させるときに燃料棒の局部の出力が急に変化しないように運転すること,燃料棒の設計や品質管理においては後述のような注意をはらうことが行われていて,現状で使用中のもれがきわめて少なくなっているのはその努力のあらわれである。… ※「pellet cladding interaction」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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