...Historically, the militia system is the most primitive military system, appearing as the ancient conscription system in ancient Greek city-states, during revolutions, and after the collapse of the old military. In addition, privately organized militias (posse comitatus) for local security also existed in the UK and the US. Currently, only Switzerland has a typical militia system with almost no standing army. Men between the ages of 20 and 50 undergo the required training every year according to their age, and keep their uniforms, rifles, ammunition, etc. at home. As of 1981, it is said that about 600,000 people can be mobilized within 48 hours in the event of an emergency. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "posse comitatus" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…歴史的には,民兵制は最も初源的な軍隊制度であり,古代ギリシア都市国家などの古代の兵役制度として,また革命に際して,あるいは革命後の旧軍隊崩壊時の兵役制度として登場している。なお,地方の保安のため民間で組織した民兵隊posse comitatusもイギリス,アメリカなどに存在した。 現在,常備軍をほとんどもたない典型的な民兵制を採っているのはスイスだけであり,20~50歳までの男子が年齢に応じて毎年所定の訓練を受け,制服,小銃,弾薬などをそれぞれ家庭に保管しており,1981年現在,有事には48時間以内に約60万人の動員が可能といわれている。… ※「posse comitatus」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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