prisoners of conscience

…AI was founded in London in 1961 as an international human rights organization in response to a call from British lawyer Peter Benenson, based on the spirit of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), which proclaims respect for fundamental human rights. Its objectives are (1) the release of prisoners of conscience who are held for reasons such as ideology, religion, race, skin color, language, and sex, (2) the abolition of the death penalty and torture, (3) fair and speedy trials for political prisoners, (4) recognition that conscientious objection to military service is a fundamental human right, and (5) respect for the rights of refugees. Its activities begin with a fact-finding survey, and based on the results, a group of members writes letters to the relevant governments, newspapers, and international organizations to appeal for the release of prisoners of conscience. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "prisoners of conscience" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…AIは基本的人権の尊重をうたった〈世界人権宣言〉(1948)の精神に基づき，イギリス人弁護士ベネンソンPeter Benensonの呼びかけに応じて，1961年国際的人権擁護団体としてロンドンで発足した。その目的は(1)思想･信条，宗教，人種，皮膚の色，言語，性などの理由で拘禁されている〈良心の囚人prisoners of conscience〉の釈放，(2)死刑，拷問の廃止，(3)政治犯の公正，迅速な裁判，(4)良心的兵役拒否は基本的人権であることの承認，(5)亡命者の権利の尊重，などにある。その活動は実態調査よりはじめ，その結果に基づいて会員のグループが，〈良心の囚人〉の釈放を実現すべく，当の政府，新聞，国際組織に手紙を送ってアピールする。…

※「prisoners of conscience」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報