Reichskammergricht

Japanese: Reichskammergericht
Reichskammergricht

...Therefore, the empire had no potential for development in the same direction as the contemporary Western European states, and its constitutional institutions, such as the Imperial Diet (Reichstag), the Imperial Court (Reichshofgericht), and the Imperial Government (Reichsregiment), had little practical meaning. The only one, the Imperial Supreme Court (Reichskammergericht), continued to function as a de facto supreme court held by the estates until the dissolution of the empire, and helped to maintain the traditional estate rights throughout the empire (estate state). The Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 recognized the imperial estates' sovereign right to rule over their territories and their right to external alliances, making them almost independent.

From [Imperial Reform]

…However, the Parliament enacted the Permanent Land Peace Decree, completely abolishing the right of private warfare (Fede), forbidding all self-help not only for civilians but also for the Imperial people, and only allowing judicial procedures, which had great significance for the state as a legal community. In order to implement these measures, the Imperial Supreme Court, the Reichskammergericht, was separated from the Imperial Court and held permanently in Frankfurt am Main. In addition, the levy of a general Imperial tax, Gemeiner Pfennig, to cover the expenses of the Imperial Supreme Court was discussed, but there was much resistance to its levy. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Reichskammergericht" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…したがって,このような帝国に,同時代の西ヨーロッパ諸国家のような方向への発展可能性はなく,その国制的諸機関,たとえば帝国議会Reichstag(身分制議会),帝国宮内法院Reichshofgericht,帝国統治院Reichsregimentなどはほとんど実質的意味をもたなかった。ただ,帝国最高法院Reichskammergerichtだけは事実上,等族の手に握られた最高裁判所として帝国の解体にいたるまで活動をつづけ,帝国全体の伝統的身分制的諸権利を維持するのに役だった(身分制国家)。1648年のウェストファリア条約は帝国等族の主権的領邦支配権を承認し,対外的同盟権をも認めることにより,それをほとんど自主独立たらしめた。…

【帝国改革】より

…しかしこの議会において永久ラント平和令が制定され,私闘権(フェーデ)を完全に廃棄し,民間人だけでなく帝国等族にもいっさいの自力救済を禁止し,裁判手続のみを認めたことは法共同体としての国家にとっては大きな意味をもっていた。こうした施策を実施するために,帝国最高法院Reichskammergerichtを宮廷から切り離してフランクフルト・アム・マインで常時開催することになった。また帝国最高法院の費用をまかなうために一般帝国税Gemeiner Pfennigの徴収が議論されたがその徴収には多くの抵抗があった。…

※「Reichskammergericht」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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