Robertson, JD

Japanese: Robertson,J.D.(英語表記)RobertsonJD
Robertson, JD

…Although a boundary membrane was assumed to regulate the entry and exit of substances from the external environment to maintain the material environment of the protoplasm, the existence of a cell membrane was not confirmed until electron microscopy techniques were applied to the observation of cell structure. JD Robertson (1960) proposed the theory that all cell membrane structures, including the cell membrane, are unit membranes consisting of three layers based on electron microscope images, and the term unit membrane has since been widely used. For electron microscope observations, a solution of osmium oxide (OsO4 ) is used because it is necessary to fix biological samples and take photographs with electron beam transmission contrast. …

From [Biomembrane]

…They are usually slightly more protein by weight, but the mitochondrial membrane is 66% protein, whereas the myelin sheath membrane of the nerve contains 75% phospholipids.
[Structure and morphology of biomembranes]
Regarding the structure of biological membranes, a model in which the phospholipid bilayer is the basic structure of all membranes was proposed as the unit membrane theory by JF Danielli, H. Davson, and JD Robertson. In response to this, DE Green and B. Benson proposed the unit particle theory, which states that the membrane is composed of repeated protein-lipid complexes with proteins at the center.

*Some of the terminology references "Robertson, JD" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…原形質の物質環境を保つため外部環境に対して物質の出入を調節する境界膜が想定されながら,電子顕微鏡の技法が細胞構造の観察に適用されるまでは細胞膜の存在は確かめられなかった。ロバートソンJ.D.Robertson(1960)は,電子顕微鏡像から細胞膜を含む細胞の膜構造はみな3層からなる単位膜unit membraneであるとする説を唱え,以後単位膜の用語が広く用いられた。電子顕微鏡の観察では生体試料を固定し,また電子線透過のコントラストをつけて写真を撮る必要から,酸化オスミウムOsO4溶液が用いられている。…

【生体膜】より

…通常,重量比でわずかにタンパク質が多いが,ミトコンドリア膜ではタンパク質が66%を占めるのに対し,神経のミエリン鞘膜(しようまく)では75%のリン脂質を含んでいる。
[生体膜の構造と形態]
 生体膜の構造については,リン脂質二重層をすべての膜の基本構造とするモデルがダニエリJ.F.Danielli,デーブソンH.Davson,さらにロバートソンJ.D.Robertsonらによって単位膜説として提唱された。これに対してグリーンD.E.GreenやベンソンB.Bensonは,タンパク質を中心とみるタンパク質‐脂質複合体の繰返しからなるとする単位粒子説を提出した。…

※「Robertson,J.D.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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