…Any act that is believed to undermine the authority of any god, ancestor, spirit, or supernatural power should be punished directly by the spirit, but in many cases, it is believed that the spirit will be angry and will cause harm to the entire society, and the entire society will ask the spirit for forgiveness and take action to punish the perpetrator, so religious crimes take on the nature of social crimes. Typical examples are sacrilege, which refers to the violation of taboos, the use of sorcery, words and actions that defame the spirit, and the destruction of facilities that worship the spirit. Incest is also punished by the entire society because it goes against the will of God and destroys the order of the community, and murder, adultery, theft, and other acts, especially if they are frequent, can also be treated as crimes to avoid a crisis for the entire society. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "sacrilege" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…神,祖霊,精霊,超自然的力等のいずれであれ,その権威をきずつけると思われる行為は,それら神霊から直接に処罰されるはずだが,多くの場合,同時にその行為に怒った神霊がその社会の全体に対し禍害を与えると信じられ,社会全体が神霊にその許しを乞い,原因者を処罰する行動に出るので,宗教的犯罪は社会的犯罪の性質をおびる。タブーの侵犯,邪術sorcery(呪術)の行使,神霊をけがす言動や神霊をまつる施設の破壊などをさす神聖冒瀆sacrilegeはその典型である。そのほか近親相姦が社会全体の制裁にあうのも,神意に反し,かつ共同体の秩序を破壊するからであり,殺人,姦通,盗みなどの行為も,とくに常習の場合には同じように社会全体の危機を避けるために犯罪として取り扱われることがある。… ※「sacrilege」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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