Specula

Japanese: specula
Specula


[History of endoscopes]
The origin of the endoscope dates back to the Greek and Roman era, when it was used to open the anus and diagnose and treat hemorrhoids. The instrument was called a specula, and various types can be seen among the artifacts excavated from Pompeii. Later, this tool was used to open the cervix during difficult births rather than to see inside, but in 1807 Philipp B. Bozzini (1773-1809) of Austria devised an instrument that used candlelight to illuminate the inside of the body, and announced the idea of ​​directly viewing the inside of the body for diagnosis.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "specula" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[内視鏡の歴史]
 内視鏡の源流は,ギリシア・ローマ時代に肛門を広げて痔疾患の診断と治療を行ったことに始まる。その器具はスペクラspeculaと呼ばれ,ポンペイの出土品のなかにさまざまな形式のものを見ることができる。 その後この道具は内部を見るためよりも難産の子宮口を広げるために使用されていたが,1807年にオーストリアのボツニーPhilipp B.Bozzini(1773‐1809)がろうそくの光を用いて体内を照らす器具をくふうし,体の内部を直接見て診断しようという考えを発表した。…

※「specula」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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