…Until then, it was called saku seizai (landscape making), zo seizai (landscape construction), or tsuku sei zai (landscape building), and it mainly referred to gardens. The English equivalent of zo seizai is gardening, garden craft, garden design, landscape gardening, etc. in the UK, but landscape art, landscape design, landscape engineering, landscape architecture, etc. are used in the US, and the terms differ between the two countries. This is because the content of zo seizai has expanded in the New World. … From the Garden...Against this trend, Brown, nicknamed "Capability," advocated a composition consisting only of water, grass, trees, and undulations. Humphry Repton (1752-1818) inherited Brown's ideas and became the last master of landscape gardens. He proposed the concept of "Landscape Gardening," and established the foundation of a landscape design tradition in England that went beyond the boundaries of gardens. France was the country that was most heavily influenced by the ideas of landscape gardens, and there are many examples left, such as the gardens of the mansion of Ermenonville, where JJ Rousseau retired in his later years, and the Hameau at the Petit Trianon, where Marie Antoinette built in Versailles. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to "landscape gardening" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…それまでは,作庭,造庭,築庭などといわれ,もっぱら庭園を対象としていた。造園に相当する英語は,イギリスではgardening,garden craft,garden design,landscape gardeningなどであるが,アメリカではlandscape art,landscape design,landscape engineering,landscape architectureなどと用いられ,両国で異なっている。これは造園の内容が新大陸では拡大していることによる。… 【庭園】より…このような傾向に対して,ただ水と芝,樹木と起伏のみによる構成を主張したのが〈ケーパビリティ〉の渾名をもつブラウンであった。レプトンHumphry Repton(1752‐1818)はこのブラウンの考えを受け継いで風景式庭園最後の巨匠となった人で,〈Landscape Gardening〉という概念を提唱し,イギリスにおける,庭園の枠を超えるランドスケープ・デザインの伝統の礎を固めている。この風景式庭園の思想の影響をもっとも強くこうむったのはフランスであり,J.J.ルソーが晩年に隠棲したジラルダン卿のエルムノンビルの館の庭や,マリー・アントアネットがベルサイユに営んだプティ・トリアノンのアモーなど,さまざまな例が残されている。… ※「landscape gardening」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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