Jenney, WLB (English spelling) JenneyWLB

Japanese: Jenney，W.L.B.（英語表記）JenneyWLB

…At the time, Chicago was developing as a commercial and industrial center in the Midwestern United States with the development of the railroad business. The city was rapidly urbanizing due to the concentration of population, but a great fire in 1871 destroyed most of the wooden commercial buildings, and the city was experiencing a construction boom to rebuild. In the midst of this, the Chicago School of architects, including William Le Baron Jenney (1832-1907) and William Holabird (1854-1923), began to build buildings in Chicago using a new structural system that did not rely on masonry, which traditionally supported buildings with brick and stone walls. These were high-rise buildings with a steel frame structure called the Chicago structure, which used cast iron, which was used as a secondary material for decoration and structural materials at the time, and steel, which was beginning to be used in civil engineering and industrial products, for columns and other parts of the building. …

From Chicago

…Chicago became a great market for architects, attracting many architects, including L.H. Sullivan, who later designed and built many skyscrapers. Sullivan moved to Chicago in 1873 and became a student of William Le Baron Jenney, who built the first reinforced concrete building, the Home Insurance Building (completed in 1885), ushering in the age of skyscrapers in Chicago (Chicago School). Reconstruction proceeded swiftly, and Chicago, which survived the depression of 1873, continued to develop economically. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Jenney, WLB" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…当時，鉄道事業の発達とともにアメリカ中西部の商業，工業の中心地として発展し始めていたシカゴでは，急激な人口の集中による都市化が進む一方，1871年に起こった大火によりそれまでの木造による商業施設の大部分が焼失し，復興のための建設ブームを迎えていた。その中にあって，ジェニーWilliam Le Baron Jenney(1832‐1907)やホラバードWilliam Holabird(1854‐1923)らのシカゴ派と呼ばれる建築技術者らは，従来の煉瓦や石の壁によって建物を支える組積造によらない新しい構造形式による建築をシカゴの町に建て始めた。それは，当時建物の装飾や構造材に補助的に使われていた鋳鉄と，土木分野や工業製品に使われ始めた鋼を柱やはりに使用した，シカゴ構造と呼ばれる鉄骨構造の高層建築であった。…

【シカゴ】より

…シカゴは建築家にとって絶好の市場となり，のちに多数のスカイスクレーパー(摩天楼)を設計･建築したL.H.サリバンをはじめ多くの建築家をひきつけた。サリバンは73年，シカゴに移住してジェニーWilliam Le Baron Jenneyの弟子となったが，ジェニーは最初の鉄筋建築ホーム･インシュアランス･ビル(1885完成)を建て，シカゴに摩天楼の時代を開く(シカゴ派)。再建はすみやかに進み，73年の不況をくぐりぬけたシカゴは経済的にもいっそう発展した。…

※「Jenney，W.L.B.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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