...Low-energy protons and neutrons are also released from the atomic nuclei that make up the collided air. In this way, multi-component secondary cosmic rays arrive on the ground, but because the penetration power of materials varies depending on the component, a 10-15 cm thick lead is used, and the components that are absorbed by this are called soft components, and those that penetrate are called hard components. The soft components are gamma rays, electrons, and positrons, also known as electromagnetic components, and in materials, gamma rays are converted into electrons and positrons by electron pair production for each radiation path (5 mm for lead), and the electrons and positrons lose most of their energy by emitting gamma rays. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "hard component" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…また,衝突された空気を構成している原子核からは,低エネルギーの陽子と中性子が飛び出してくる。このようにして,地上には多成分の二次宇宙線が飛来しているが,成分によって物質の貫通力が異なるので,厚さ10~15cmの鉛を用い,これで吸収される成分を軟成分soft component,貫通するものを硬成分hard componentと呼んでいる。軟成分はγ線,電子,陽電子で,電磁成分とも呼ばれ,物質中では放射行程(鉛で5mm)ごとに,γ線は電子対生成によって電子と陽電子に転化し,電子と陽電子はγ線を放射することによってエネルギーの大半を失う。… ※「hard component」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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