The English name is unicorn. It is an imaginary animal that often appears in medieval European legends. It is usually said to have a horse-like body, a single twisted horn, white in color, sometimes with a red head, and blue eyes. Its brave nature led to it being compared to Alexander the Great, and it was believed that the water drank by a unicorn was rendered poisonless, and its horn was the best antidote. Although hunts to obtain the horn often failed, unicorns would become docile by lying on the lap of a beautiful virgin, so this method was used to hunt unicorns. The combination of these two has a sexual meaning. In Christianity, it symbolizes Christ fighting against the world and bowing to Mary, and in coats of arms it represents the Scottish royal family, and along with the lion of England, it has come to symbolize the United Kingdom. The horns displayed as unicorns are often those of a narwhal, a toothed whale. It is depicted in tapestries owned by the Musée de Cluny in Paris and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, and appears in poetry by Rilke, Yeats, Garcia Lorca, and others. [Hideo Funato] Unicorn Tapestry, 1495-1505, Metropolitan Museum of Art "Unicorn Hunt" Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
英語名はユニコーンunicorn。中世ヨーロッパの伝説にしばしば登場する想像上の動物。通常、馬の体にねじれた1本の角(つの)をもち、色は白く、ときには頭部のみ赤く、青い目をもつといわれる。その性は勇猛でアレクサンドロス大王に比せられ、一角獣が飲んだ水は無毒となり、その角は最上の解毒剤と信じられた。角をとるために狩りが行われてもしばしば失敗するが、美しい処女の膝(ひざ)に枕(まくら)しておとなしくなるため、一角獣狩りにはこの手段がとられた。この両者の組合せには性的な意味がある。キリスト教的には世と戦いマリアにかしづくキリストを象徴、紋章ではスコットランドの王室を表し、イングランドのライオンと並んで、イギリスを象徴するようになった。一角獣の角として展示されているものはしばしばイッカクというハクジラのそれである。パリのクリュニー美術館、ニューヨークのメトロポリタン美術館所有のタペストリーに描かれ、リルケ、イェーツ、ガルシア・ロルカなどの詩に現れる。 [船戸英夫] ユニコーン・タペストリー 1495~1505年メトロポリタン美術館所蔵"> 『一角獣狩り』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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