first-order reaction

…When the course of a reaction is known, the reaction rate equation can be derived theoretically, but it is common to first determine the reaction rate equation experimentally and then estimate the mechanism by which the reaction proceeds. In the reaction rate equation of the form (4), the exponents a ', b ', ... are called the order of reaction. When one of a ', b ', ... is 1 and the others are all 0, it is called a first-order reaction, and the reaction rate is a linear function of the concentration. When a ', b ', ... are 0 or positive integers and a ' + b ' + ... = 2, it is called a second-order reaction. …

*Some of the terms used in this article that refer to "first-order reaction" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…反応の進む道すじがわかっているとき，反応速度式を理論的に導くことができるが，一般にはまず実験的に反応速度式を定め，これから反応が進む機構を推定することが多い。　式(4)の形の反応速度式で，べき指数a′，b′，……を反応次数order of reactionといい，a′，b′，……のどれか一つが1で他はすべて0のとき，一次反応first‐order reactionと呼び，反応速度は濃度の一次関数となる。またa′，b′，……が0または正の整数で，a′＋b′＋……＝2のとき二次反応という。…

※「first-order reaction」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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