...In response to this, a movement for reform emerged from the end of the 19th century to the 20th century to position secondary education institutions in a ladder system as secondary schools connected to primary schools for the masses. Furthermore, a movement to unify the traditional secondary schools mentioned above began in various European countries, and this is called the Uniform School (Einheitsschule, École Unique) movement. In Germany in 1907, the Social Democratic Party proposed a unified school system that eliminated the hierarchical nature of schools, and after World War I, the Weimar Republic's Constitution (1919) stipulated that secondary and high schools would be built on the Grundschule, a basic school common to all, that these schools would be created according to the diversity of occupations, and that family economic and social status or religious sects should not be used as criteria for admission to these schools. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "école unique" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…これに対し,中等教育機関を,民衆のための初等学校primary schoolに接続する中等学校secondary schoolとして,階梯制ladder systemに位置づけようとする改革の動きが出てきたのは,19世紀末から20世紀にかけてである。さらに前述の伝統的な中等学校をもこれと一元化しようとの動きがヨーロッパ各国で始まり,これは統一学校(ドイツ語Einheitsschule,フランス語école unique)運動と呼ばれている。ドイツでは1907年,社会民主党が,学校の階級的性格を排除した統一学校制度を提唱し,第1次大戦後ワイマール共和国は憲法(1919)で,万人に共通の基礎学校Grundschuleの上に中等・高等学校が構築されること,その学校は職業の多様性に応じてつくられること,またそこへの入学のさい家庭の経済的・社会的地位や宗派が基準とされてはならないことなどが定められた。… ※「école unique」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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