…It acts on the liver, muscles, and fat tissues, mainly promoting the accumulation and assimilation of nutrients in the body, and antagonizing the catabolic effects of glucagon, growth hormone, cortisol, epinephrine, etc. to regulate metabolism, thereby lowering blood sugar. Insulin was discovered in 1921 by F. G. Banting and CH. Best as a hypoglycemic substance in pancreatic extracts. In 1926, J. Abel succeeded in crystallizing it, and in 1955, F. Sanger revealed its amino acid sequence. … From [Banting]…He opened a practice in London, Ontario, and taught anatomy and physiology at the local Western University. He focused on diabetes, and in 1821, with the help of John Macleod (1876-1935), a professor of physiology at the University of Toronto, he established a laboratory and co-researcher Charles H. Best (1899-1978). He discovered insulin secreted from the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, and used this to treat diabetes with remarkable effectiveness. In 1823, he and Macleod became the first Canadians to receive the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Best, CH" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…肝臓,筋肉,脂肪組織などに作用し,主として補給栄養系の体内蓄積同化を促進し,グルカゴン,成長ホルモン,コルチゾール,エピネフリンなどの異化作用と拮抗して代謝の調節をつかさどり,結果として血糖を低下させる。 インシュリンは1921年,バンティングF.G.BantingとベストC.H.Bestによって,膵臓の抽出物中から,血糖降下物質として見いだされた。次いで26年,エーベルJ.J.Abelが結晶化に成功,55年にサンガーF.Sangerがそのアミノ酸配列を明らかにした。… 【バンティング】より…オンタリオ州ロンドンで開業,地元のウェスタン大学で解剖学と生理学を講じた。糖尿病に注目し,21年トロント大学生理学教授マクラウドJohn Macleod(1876‐1935)の協力で実験室と共同研究者ベストCharles H.Best(1899‐1978)を得て,膵臓のランゲルハンス島から分泌されるインシュリンを発見,これを糖尿病治療に用いて卓効を示した。23年マクラウドとともにカナダで初めてノーベル生理・医学賞を受賞した。… ※「Best,C.H.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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