Archaeometry

…Conservation science can be defined as the natural science and applied technology that is effective for (1) discovering the value of such a wide range of cultural properties and recognizing them as cultural properties (identification), (2) objectively recording their current state and conveying it to future generations (record preservation), (3) taking measures to maintain their current state and prevent changes (deterioration) (preservation in the narrow sense), (4) preparing and improving the surrounding environment for this purpose (environmental improvement), and (5) furthermore, making some kind of effort to extend the life of the object or increase its value (restoration, restoration). In this way, the term "cultural property science," which has recently come into use, has almost the same meaning, and it also overlaps greatly with "archaeology," which is used in some places, and "archaeometry," which is often used overseas. First of all, in order to identify cultural properties as in (1), it is necessary to know when, where, what, and how the object was made, as well as the natural environment (paleoenvironment) at the time it was formed. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "archaeometry" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…保存科学とは，このような広範囲な文化財について，(1)その価値を発見して文化財であることを認め(同定)，(2)その現状を客観的に記録して後世に伝え(記録保存)，(3)その現状を維持して変化(劣化)が起こらぬような措置を講じ(狭義の保存)，(4)そのため周囲の環境を整えたり改善したりし(環境整備)，(5)さらにはそのものの生命をのばしたり価値を高めるためになんらかの手を加える(修復，復元)等のために有効な自然科学とその応用技術，と定義してよかろう。このように考えると，最近用いられるようになった〈文化財科学〉という言葉はほとんど同じ内容となるし，また一部で使われる〈考古科学〉や外国でよく用いられる〈アーキオメトリーarchaeometry〉等とも大きく重複することになる。　まず(1)の文化財同定を行うためには，そのものが，〈いつ〉〈どこで〉〈何〉を用いて〈どのように〉作られたかが問題となるとともに，それが形成された時期の自然環境(古環境)を知る必要がある。…

※「archaeometry」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報