Edgeworth, Francis Ysidro

Japanese: エッジワース（英語表記）Edgeworth， Francis Ysidro

Born: February 8, 1845, Edgeworthtown
[Died] February 13, 1926. British economist and statistician from Oxford. After graduating from Oxford University, he became Drummond Professor of Economics at his alma mater in 1891, and became Professor Emeritus in 1922. He served as President of the Economics Department of the British Association, President of the Royal Statistical Society, Member of the British Academy, and was the first editor-in-chief of the "Economic Journal". He started out in ethics, but was influenced by W. Jevons and approached economics, and in his "Mathematical Psychics: An Essay on the Application of Mathematics to the Moral Sciences" (1881), he opened up new horizons in mathematical economics by using new analytical tools such as contract curves and indifference curves. His original research papers on many individual fields, such as indexes, probability, monopoly theory, and international trade, are collected in "Papers relating to Political Economy" (3 volumes, 1925).

Edgeworth
Edgeworth, Maria

Born January 1, 1767 at Blackburton, Oxfordshire
[Died] May 22, 1849. Edgeworthtown, Ireland. A female writer of Irish descent. Her debut work, Castle Rackrent (1800), vividly depicts the decline of several generations of the Irish aristocracy, and her masterpiece, The Absentee (12), depicts the extravagant life of an Irish landowner's wife in London society. Her other works include Belinda (01) and Ormond (17). She is also well known as a writer of children's books.

Edgeworth
Edgeworth, Richard Lovell

Born 31 May 1744 in Bath, Somerset.
[Died] June 13, 1817, Edgeworth Town. British inventor and educator. Father of the female writer M. Edgeworth, who had a strong influence on her novels. A large Irish landowner. Invented the telegraph, the sailing car, and the tricycle. Interested in education, and inspired by J.-J. Rousseau and his wife, he co-authored Practical Education with his daughter Maria, arguing that education should always be based on the scientific study of children's psychology.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1845.2.8. エッジワースタウン
[没]1926.2.13. オックスフォード
イギリスの経済，統計学者。オックスフォード大学卒業後，1891年以降母校の経済学ドラモンド講座教授，1922年名誉教授。イギリス学術協会経済学部会会長，王立統計学会会長，イギリス学士院会員などを歴任し，また"Economic Journal"誌の初代編集長。倫理学から出発したが，W.ジェボンズの影響を受けて経済学に接近し『数理心理学』 Mathematical Psychics: An Essay on the Application of Mathematics to the Moral Sciences (1881) で契約曲線，無差別曲線などの新しい分析用具を用いて数理経済学に新生面を開いた。指数，確率，独占理論，国際貿易論など多くの個別分野での独創的な研究論文は"Papers relating to Political Economy" (3巻，1925) に所収。

エッジワース
Edgeworth， Maria

[生]1767.1.1. オックスフォードシャー，ブラックバートン
[没]1849.5.22. アイルランド，エッジワースタウン
アイルランド系のイギリスの女流作家。処女作『ラックレント館』 Castle Rackrent (1800) は，アイルランド貴族の数代にわたる没落過程を克明に描き，代表作『不在地主』 The Absentee (12) では，アイルランドの地主の妻のロンドン社交界における派手な生活ぶりを描いている。ほかに『ベリンダ』 Belinda (01) ，『オーモンド』 Ormond (17) など。また児童文学の作者としても著名。

エッジワース
Edgeworth， Richard Lovell

[生]1744.5.31. サマセット，バス
[没]1817.6.13. エッジワースタウン
イギリスの発明家，教育家。女流作家 M.エッジワースの父親で，その小説に強い影響を及ぼした。アイルランドの大地主。電信通話，帆走車，三輪車などを発明。教育に興味をもち，J.- J.ルソーと妻に触発され，娘マリアと共同執筆で『実践的教育』 Practical Educationを著わし，教育はすべからく子供の心理の科学的研究に立脚すべきことを論じた。

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