abacus

Japanese: abacus
abacus

...The boards and papers used in Tengenjutsu to hold the calculating sticks are also written with the same kanji, abacus, but this is pronounced sanban (the Chinese abacus will be discussed later). The method of using beads to represent numbers and perform calculations has existed in the West since ancient times, and is called abacus. In ancient Greece, there was a method of calculating by arranging stones, and a marble board discovered on the island of Salamis in the Aegean Sea is 1.49m long, 0.75m wide, and 4.5-7.5cm thick, with 6 and 11 parallel lines engraved on the front, and is estimated to be more than 2000 years old.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "abacus" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…天元術で用いる算木を置く板や紙なども同じ〈算盤〉の漢字で表すが,これは〈さんばん〉と読む(中国の算盤については後出)。珠を使って数を表したり計算をする方法は西洋でも古くからあり,アバクスabacusと呼ばれている。古代ギリシアでは石を並べて計算する方法があり,エーゲ海のサラミス島で発見された大理石の盤は,長さ1.49m,幅0.75m,厚さ4.5~7.5cmで,表に6本と11本の平行線が刻まれており,今から2000年以上前のものと推定されている。…

※「abacus」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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