Agra (English spelling)

Japanese: アーグラ（英語表記）Āgra

A commercial city on the Jamuna River in the western part of Uttar Pradesh in northern India. It is the administrative capital of Agra district and the center of local administration. It was built by Emperor Akbar in 1566, and ruled northern India as its capital for about a century until it moved to Delhi in 1658. This period coincided with the height of the Mughal Empire, from Emperor Akbar to Emperor Shah Jahan. Even after it came under British rule in 1803, it continued to be an important administrative center for the surrounding areas. It was home to the headquarters and barracks of the army and air force, making it an important military center. It is also home to Agra University and other educational institutions. It is surrounded by vast plains, making it a key location for road, railway, and river transportation. It also has an airport. Agricultural products and daily necessities are distributed here, and marble work, cotton textiles, carpets, leather tanning, shoes, and other products are manufactured here. It is home to many Mughal Empire period buildings, and is especially famous for the Taj Mahal, which is said to be a representative example of Islamic architecture, and the Agra Fort, which is surrounded by large red sandstone walls. Population: 899,195 (1991).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

インド北部，ウッタルプラデーシュ州西部，ジャムナ川に面する商業都市。アーグラ県の行政庁所在地。地方行政の中心地。 1566年アクバル帝によって建設され，1658年のデリー遷都まで約1世紀の間ムガル帝国がここを首都として北インドを支配した。この期間は，ちょうどアクバル帝からシャー・ジャハーン帝にいたる，ムガル帝国の最盛期にあたる。 1803年にイギリスの支配下に入ってからも，周辺地区の行政中心地として重視された。陸軍，空軍の司令部や兵営がおかれ，軍事上も重要。アーグラ大学をはじめ教育機関も集中。周辺は広大な平野で，道路，鉄道，河川交通の要地。空港もある。農産物や日用品の集散が行われ，大理石細工，綿織物，カーペット，なめし皮，靴などの製造が盛ん。ムガル帝国時代の建築物が多く，イスラム建築の代表といわれるタージ・マハルや，赤色砂岩の大城壁をめぐらすアーグラ城は特に有名。人口 89万 9195 (1991) 。

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