1878‐1944 The first king of the Pahlavi dynasty of Iran. Reigned 1925-41. Born an obscure Iranian Cossack soldier, he was called Reza Khan. In a coup d'état in 1921, he established real power as the commander of martial law in Tehran and then as Minister of War, and destroyed the local revolutionary governments. In 1922, he invited financial advisers from the United States and carried out financial reforms. He followed the path of military dictatorship and came into conflict with parliament. After forcing the Qajar dynasty's Ahmad Shah to abdicate in 1923, he tried to become a dictatorial president himself, but was opposed by the people, and in 1925 he abolished the Qajar dynasty, established the Pahlavi dynasty, and became shah. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1878‐1944 イランのパフラビー朝第1代国王。在位1925‐41年。無名のイラン・コサック軍兵士出身で,レザー・ハーンReḍā Khānと呼ばれた。1921年クーデタでテヘラン戒厳司令官,次いで陸軍大臣として実権を確立し,地方の革命政権を壊滅させた。22年,アメリカから財政顧問を招き財政改革を断行した。軍部独裁の道を歩み,議会と対立した。23年,カージャール朝のアフマド・シャーを退位させたのち,自ら独裁者の大統領となろうとしたが,国民の反対をうけ,25年カージャール朝を廃してパフラビー朝をたて国王(シャー)になった。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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