Permanently frozen climate - ice climate

Japanese: 永久凍結気候 - えいきゅうとうけつきこう（英語表記）ice climate

A nival climate in which the average temperature of the warmest month is below 0°C. A nival climate is one in which precipitation takes the form of snow and the amount of new snow that falls is greater than the amount lost through melting and evaporation. In contrast to a semi-nival climate, in which the snow does not fall entirely as snow and may be mixed with rain, a completely nival climate in which there is only snow and no rain is called a permafrost climate. This climate region is found in Greenland, Antarctica, and other continents, where ice fields can be seen all year round and continental glaciers are well developed.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

最暖月平均気温が0℃未満の氷雪気候nival climateの一つ。氷雪気候とは，降水が雪の形をとり，かつ融解や蒸発などによって消失する量よりも新しく降り積もる雪の量の方が多い気候のことをいうが，全部雪となって降らず雨も交えることもある半氷雪気候に対して，まったく雪だけで雨を伴わない完全氷雪気候のことを永久凍結気候という。この気候地域はグリーンランドや南極大陸などに分布し，年中氷雪原がみられ，大陸氷河が発達している。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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