Located in Reims, the sub-departmental capital of the Marne department in northeastern France, it is one of the typical French Gothic cathedrals along with the cathedrals of Chartres and Amiens. It is also famous as a famous temple where many of France's kings were crowned. The current building was built in 1210 after the third fire, following the Merovingian and Carolingian dynasties. It is believed to have been designed by Jean d'Horbet. Construction began in 1211, with the chancel and transepts completed around 1241, the nave around 1285, and the west façade completed in the 14th century. The plan consists of a triple-aisled nave, triple-aisled transepts, and a chancel with five chapels, the design of which, with the chapels arranged radially, reflects the coronation cathedral of England, Westminster Abbey. The sides of the three entrances on the west façade, considered to be the greatest masterpieces of the European Middle Ages, are decorated with large and small statues, and above the rose window are statues of past kings placed in niches, all of which are known as representative examples of French Gothic sculpture. The buttresses on the sides not only play a structural role in supporting the lateral pressure, but also accentuate the overall structure of the cathedral and enhance the external appearance. In 1991, this cathedral was registered as a World Heritage Site along with the nearby Church of Saint-Remi and Palais de Tau (World Cultural Heritage). [Katsuya Hamatani] A Gothic cathedral built in the 13th century. The west façade (pictured) was completed in the 14th century. It is well known as the venue for the coronation ceremonies of successive French kings. Part of the World Heritage Site "Notre-Dame Cathedral, Saint-Remi Abbey and Tau Palace" (France, registered in 1991) France Reims ©Shogakukan "> Reims Cathedral Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランス北東部、マルヌ県の副県都ランスにあり、シャルトル、アミアンの両大聖堂と並ぶ典型的なフランス・ゴシック聖堂の一つ。歴代フランス国王の多くが戴冠式(たいかんしき)を挙行した名刹(めいさつ)としても有名である。現存の建物はメロビング朝、カロリング朝に次いで、1210年の三度目の火災ののち建立されたものである。設計者はジャン・ドルベであろうといわれる。1211年に着工され、内陣と翼廊は1241年ごろ、身廊は1285年ごろ、そして西ファサードは14世紀に入って完成された。平面は三廊式身廊、三廊式翼廊、および五つの礼拝堂をもつ内陣部から成り立つが、礼拝堂が放射状に配列された内陣部の設計はイギリスの戴冠式聖堂ウェストミンスター寺院に反映している。ヨーロッパ中世を通じて最高の傑作とみなされる西ファサードの三つの玄関口の側面は、それぞれ大小の彫像で装われ、バラ窓の上部には歴代国王の立像がそれぞれニッチ(壁龕(へきがん))に納められ、いずれもフランス・ゴシック彫刻の代表例として知られている。側面の控壁(ひかえかべ)は横圧を支える構造上の役割を果たすとともに、大聖堂全体の構成にアクセントをもたせ、外観効果を高めている。なお、この聖堂は付近にあるサン・レミ教会、トウ宮殿とともに、1991年に世界遺産の文化遺産として登録されている(世界文化遺産)。 [濱谷勝也] 13世紀に建てられたゴシック様式の大聖堂。西ファサード(写真)は14世紀に入って完成した。歴代フランス国王の戴冠式の舞台となったことでよく知られる。世界文化遺産「ランスのノートル・ダム大聖堂、サン・レミ修道院およびトウ宮殿」の一部(フランス・1991年登録) フランス ランス©Shogakukan"> ランス大聖堂 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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