Vimalakirti Sutra - Yuimagyo

Japanese: 維摩経 - ゆいまぎょう
Vimalakirti Sutra - Yuimagyo

A Buddhist scripture. It is one of the Mahayana sutras that inherits the idea of ​​emptiness from the Prajnaparamita Sutra and develops it from a layperson's point of view. It was established early and belongs to the category of early Mahayana sutras. It was probably written around the 2nd century. The story is structured in such a way that the protagonist, a layperson called Vimalakirti, thoroughly criticizes the ideas and practical training of the Buddha's monastic disciples, and then teaches them the true truth and guides them. Chapter 9 of this sutra, which explains the "state of absolute equality" (entering the non-dual teaching gate), has been particularly noted and famous in later generations. When Manjusri asked Vimalakirti about his thoughts after explaining his own view that the state of absolute equality is a state that cannot be explained, demonstrated, or recognized in words, Vimalakirti remained silent. Preaching the truth through words, no matter how clever they may be, is always just one explanation and cannot unbiasedly show the state of absolute equality that transcends all conflicts. Vimalakirti's silence speaks beautifully of this, which is why it has attracted so much attention. The Vimalakirti Sutra is a sutra that explains emptiness and teaches us to let go of our attachments, but its main purpose is to strongly appeal to us that the act of letting go of our attachments must be done with our own bodies. Vimalakirti's silence is also a symbolic expression of this point. The original Sanskrit text no longer exists, and three Chinese translations and one Tibetan translation remain.

[Masaaki Nitta]

[Reference] | Vimalaki

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

仏典。『般若経(はんにゃきょう)』の空(くう)の思想を受け継ぎ、それを在家(ざいけ)主義の立場にたって展開させた大乗経典の一つ。成立は早く、初期大乗経典の部類に属している。2世紀ごろにつくられたのであろう。主人公の在家の居士(こじ)、維摩(維摩詰(きつ))が、出家者である釈尊の高足の弟子たちの思想や実践修行を徹底的に論難して、そのあと真実の真理を教示し、彼らを導く、という構成をもって説かれている。この経のなかの「絶対平等の境地」(入不二法門(にゅうふにほうもん))を説いた第9章は、後世とりわけ注目され、有名である。絶対平等の境地は、ことばもなく、説くことも示すことも認知することもできない境地のことである、と自らの見解を述べたうえで、維摩の考えを問うた文殊菩薩(もんじゅぼさつ)に対して、維摩は黙然として語らなかった、という。ことばによって真理を説くことは、たとえそれがどのように巧妙なものであっても、つねに一つの説明でしかないわけであり、あらゆる対立を超えた絶対平等の境地を偏向なく示しえない。維摩の沈黙はこうしたことをみごとに語っているのであり、それだけに注目されるところとなったのであろう。『維摩経』は空を説いて、とらわれを捨てることを教える経であるが、その本旨は、とらわれを捨てるというそのことが身をもってなされねばならないことを強く訴えようとするところにある。維摩の沈黙もこの点を象徴的に表現したものである。なお、サンスクリット原本は現存せず、3種の漢訳と1種のチベット訳が残っている。

[新田雅章]

[参照項目] | 維摩

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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