Yama - Yama (English spelling)

Japanese: ヤマ - やま(英語表記)Yama
Yama - Yama (English spelling)

An ancient Indian god. Translated into Chinese as Yama, the king of the dead. In the Rig Veda, the oldest Indian scripture, Yama is said to be the first human, the son of Vivasvat (the sun god), and corresponds to Yima in the Zoroastrian scripture Avesta. Yima is also the first human, the son of Vivahvant. In the Rig Veda, Yama is emphasized as the first to die and discover the path of the dead, and is considered to rule an ideal paradise in the highest heaven as the king of the dead. The spirits of the dead are guided to this paradise by two dogs that are Yama's messengers, and live happily with the spirits of their ancestors. In later Hinduism, Yama is considered one of the world's guardians, protecting the south, and is regarded as the god of death and the judge of the dead.

[Katsuhiko Uemura]

[Reference] | Enma

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

古代インドの神。死者の王、閻魔(えんま)と漢訳された。インド最古の聖典『リグ・ベーダ』において、最初の人間で、ビバスバットVivasvat(太陽神)の息子とされ、ゾロアスター教の聖典『アベスタ』のイマYimaに対応する。イマも最初の人間で、ウィーワフワントVīvahvantの息子とされる。『リグ・ベーダ』において、最初に死んで死者の道を発見した点が強調され、ヤマは死者の王として最高天にある理想的な楽園を支配するとみなされた。死者の霊はヤマの使者である二匹の犬に導かれてこの楽園に赴き、祖先の霊たちとともに楽しく暮らすという。後代のヒンドゥー教では、ヤマは世界守護神の一つとして南方を守るとされ、死の神、死者の審判者とみなされるようになった。

[上村勝彦]

[参照項目] | 閻魔

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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