A general term for cells involved in immune responses. Lymphocytes are responsible for so-called specific immunity that responds to the specificity of antigens, while non-specific immunity is mainly the role of macrophages and natural killer cells. These cell systems can act independently, but often function through interactions. Almost all macrophages and lymphocytes originate from hematopoietic stem cells that settle in the bone marrow after the late fetal stage. Some immature lymphocytes migrate to the thymus and differentiate into T cells, while others differentiate into B cells in the bursa of Fabricius near the cloaca in birds and somewhere unknown in other vertebrates (some say in the bone marrow). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
免疫応答に関与する細胞の総称。抗原の特異性に対応した,いわゆる特異的免疫を分担しているのはリンパ球であるが,非特異的免疫はおもにマクロファージとナチュラルキラー細胞の役割である。これらの細胞系は独立に働くこともあるが,相互作用によって機能を発現することが多い。マクロファージのほとんどすべてとリンパ球は,後期胎児以後では骨髄に定着する造血幹細胞に由来する。幼若リンパ球のあるものは胸腺に移ってT細胞に分化し,またあるものは,鳥類では総排出腔近くのファブリキウス囊で,他の脊椎動物では未知のどこかで(骨髄内という説もある)B細胞に分化する。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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