August Ferdinand Möbius

Japanese: メービウス（英語表記）August Ferdinand Möbius

1790‐1868
German mathematician and astronomer. Born near Leipzig, the son of a dance teacher. In 1813-14 he received instruction in astronomical observation and calculation from Gauss at the University of Göttingen, and on Gauss's recommendation he was employed as an observatory staff member at his alma mater, the University of Leipzig, where he remained until his death. In 1844 he became a full professor of mechanics and astronomy, and in 1848 he became director of the observatory. However, he made more important contributions to mathematics than to astronomy. In particular, he wrote "Calculation of the Center of Gravity" (1827), which introduced the concept of barycentric coordinates for the analytical treatment of geometric problems, and provided many other new ideas that were a pioneer in the foundations of projective geometry.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1790‐1868
ドイツの数学者，天文学者。ダンス教師の子として，ライプチヒ近郊で生まれた。1813‐14年にゲッティンゲン大学でガウスから天文学の観測と計算の指導を受け，彼の推薦で母校のライプチヒ大学に天文台員として就職，終生そこを離れず，44年に力学および天文学の正教授，48年に天文台長となった。しかし彼は天文学よりは数学のほうに重要な貢献をした。とくに《重心算法》(1827)を著して，幾何学の問題を解析的に処理するために重心座標の概念を導入したのをはじめ，多くの新しいアイデアを提供して，射影幾何学の基礎づけの先駆をなした。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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