Mu'āwiya I

Japanese: ムアーウィヤ[1世](英語表記)Mu‘āwiya I
Mu'āwiya I
?-680
Founder of the Umayyad dynasty and its first caliph. Reigned 661-680. His father was Abu Sufyan, leader of the Umayyad clan of the Quraysh tribe of Mecca, an enemy of the Prophet Muhammad. In the autumn of 633, he accompanied his half-brother Yazid's army to conquer Syria, and in 639, upon Yazid's death, he was appointed governor (emir) of Syria by Umar I. After Uthman became caliph, he consolidated his control over Syria by advancing into the Mediterranean. When the Umayyad caliph Uthman was killed in 656, he cried out blood vengeance and confronted the fourth caliph, Ali.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
?‐680
ウマイヤ朝の創建者でその初代カリフ。在位661‐680年。父は預言者ムハンマドに敵対したメッカのクライシュ族ウマイヤ家の指導者アブー・スフヤーン。633年の秋,異母兄ヤジードの軍に従ってシリア征服に向かい,639年,ヤジードの死で,ウマル1世によりシリア総督(アミール)に任命された。ウスマーンのカリフ就任後は,地中海に進出するなどしてシリアでの支配を固めた。656年にウマイヤ家出身のカリフ,ウスマーンが殺されると,その血の復讐を叫んで4代カリフ,アリーと対決した。

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