Millon's reaction

Japanese: ミロン反応 - みろんはんのう(英語表記)Millon's reaction
Millon's reaction

Millon's reagent is a long-known color reaction for detecting proteins. It was developed by French chemist Nicolas Auguste Eugène Millon (1812-1867). The Millon's reagent used in this reaction is made by dissolving metallic mercury in fuming nitric acid by heating, then diluting it with water. When Millon's reagent is added to a sample, if the sample contains protein, a white precipitate is formed, and when heated to 60-70°C, the sample turns brick red. This reaction is thought to occur because the phenolic residues of amino acids such as tyrosine and β-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)alanine, which make up proteins, form mercury compounds, which are then nitrosated by nitrous acid to form colored mercury complex salts. In addition to proteins, phenols also show this reaction. To perform the color reaction, one-third of the volume of Millon's reagent is added to the sample and heated. It has also been used in the color reaction of phenols in urine and in fiber identification tests.

[Mr. Hirota November 18, 2016]

[Reference] | Protein | Color reaction | Phenol | Milon reagent

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ミロン試薬によりタンパク質を検出する呈色反応として古くから知られている反応。フランスの化学者ミロンNicolas Auguste Eugène Millon(1812―1867)により開発された。この反応に使うミロン試薬は、金属状の水銀を発煙硝酸と加熱して溶かしたのち、水に薄めてつくる。ミロン試薬を試料に加えると、タンパク質が含まれている場合には白色の沈殿を生じ、60~70℃に加熱するとれんが色になる。この反応は、タンパク質を構成しているチロシン、β(ベータ)-(3,4-ジヒドロキシフェニル)アラニンなどのアミノ酸のフェノール残基が水銀化合物を形成し、亜硝酸によりニトロソ化されて着色した水銀錯塩になるためと考えられている。タンパク質のほかにフェノール類もこの反応を示す。呈色反応を行うには、試料に、その容量の3分の1のミロン試薬を加えて加熱する。尿中のフェノールの呈色反応や繊維鑑別試験にも用いられたことがある。

[廣田 穰 2016年11月18日]

[参照項目] | タンパク質 | 呈色反応 | フェノール | ミロン試薬

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