Udon - Udon (English spelling)Jean-Antoine Houdon

Japanese: ウードン - うーどん(英語表記)Jean-Antoine Houdon
Udon - Udon (English spelling)Jean-Antoine Houdon

18th century French sculptor. Born in Versailles. Studied under Lemoyne and Pigalle, and won the Prix de Rome in 1761. Studied in Italy from 1764 to 1768. Alongside his classical studies, he also studied anatomical subjects. After returning to Japan, he gained fame for his mythological works such as "Diana" (Lisbon, Gulbenkian Museum), which he created for the garden of the Duke of Gotha, through the introduction of Diderot, and established the style of the Louis XVI era. He was also a leading sculptor of this period in portrait sculpture, leaving behind statues of Diderot, Voltaire, J. J. Rousseau, and Benjamin Franklin. In pursuit of anatomical truth, he used Rousseau's death mask, and in the case of Voltaire, he had him pose until the night before his death. At the same time, he captured the individual personalities of these subjects in their facial expressions, postures, and eye movements, establishing an 18th century style in this respect as well.

[Kimio Nakayama]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

18世紀フランスの彫刻家。ベルサイユに生まれる。ルモワーヌおよびピガルに学び、1761年にはローマ賞を獲得。64~68年イタリアに留学。古典の研究のかたわら解剖学的研究を行い、帰国後、ディドロの紹介によってゴータ公の庭園のために制作した『ディアナ』(リスボン、グルベンキァン美術館)などの神話的図像の作品で名声を得、またルイ16世時代の様式を確立する。他方、肖像彫刻においてもこの時期の指導的な彫刻家であり、ディドロ、ボルテール、J・J・ルソー、ベンジャミン・フランクリンなどの彫像を残している。解剖学的真実を求める彼は、ルソーのデスマスクを用い、またボルテールの場合には死の前夜までポーズさせている。同時に彼は、これらの個性を表情や姿勢や視線の動きのなかにとらえ、その点でも18世紀的な作風を確立した。

[中山公男]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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