In good condition - Honchoushi

Japanese: 本調子 - ほんちょうし

A term used in Japanese music. A typical tuning for the shamisen. Each open string is tuned a perfect fourth or perfect fifth from the first string, resulting in the relative note names shi, mi, shi. The pitch is determined appropriately according to the range of the singer or the instrument being played. For example, if the open string of the first string is tuned to oshiki (i), the second string will be ichikotsu (ni), and this is called ichi-hon-choshi (sometimes called roku-hon-choshi, with the second string as the base). Raising the second string of hon-choshi by one tone results in ni-agari, and lowering the third string of hon-choshi by one tone results in san-sagari. In addition, there are other tunings such as ichi-agari, where the first string of hon-choshi is raised by one and a half tones, and ichi-sagari, where the first string is lowered by one tone. Hon-choshi is the most basic, so it is often not specifically mentioned in song books that list the names of tunings, and in Joruri, when naoru or naosu is used, it often means returning to hon-choshi from another tuning.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

日本音楽の用語。三味線の代表的な調弦名称。各開放弦を一の糸から完全4度，完全5度と調弦したもので，相対音名シ・ミ・シとなる。歌い手や合奏する楽器の音域によって音高を適宜定め，たとえば一の糸の開放弦を黄鐘 (おうしき。イ音) に合せると，二の糸は壱越 (いちこつ。ニ音) になり，これを一本の調子 (ときには二の糸を基準にして六本の調子とも) という。本調子の二の糸を1音上げると二上りとなり，本調子の三の糸を1音下げると三下りの調弦となる。このほか，本調子の一の糸を1音半上げた一上りや，一の糸を1音下げた一下りなどもある。本調子はいちばん基本的なものであるから，調弦名を記した唄本でも特に記されていないことが多く，浄瑠璃などでナオル，ナオスという場合も，他の調弦から本調子に戻ることをいう場合が多い。

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