Born: September 3, 1986. San Diego, California. An American snowboarder. Full name: Shaun Roger White. Nicknamed "Flying Tomato." Shortly after birth, he underwent two surgeries for a heart condition, but overcame his health problems and began skateboarding, surfing, skiing, and soccer from an early age. He started snowboarding at age six, and after achieving astonishing results in amateur competitions, including five U.S. championships, he turned professional at age 13. Since his debut in 2000, he has won numerous gold medals in slopestyle and superpipe at the X Games, an extreme sports competition, in the winter competition. At the 2006 Turin Winter Olympics, he won the gold medal in the halfpipe final, landing two frontside 1080 (triple) airs and one backside 900 in the first run. In the 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympics, she defended her title in a landslide victory, performing a double McTwist 1260, a new trick that involves two vertical rotations and three and a half horizontal rotations, during the final run of the half-pipe final. Her success is not limited to snowboarding; she became the first athlete to compete in both the winter and summer X Games, and won gold medals in the skateboard vert event in 2007 and 2011. Meanwhile, her exceptional athletic ability and cheerful, charming personality have attracted media attention, leading to numerous high-paying commercial contracts. white
White, Theodore Harold Born: May 6, 1915, Boston
[Died] May 15, 1986, New York American journalist, historian, and author. After graduating from Harvard University in 1938, he served as one of Time magazine's first foreign correspondents in Asia from 1939 to 1945, and was present at the Japanese surrender aboard the USS Missouri. He later served as a European correspondent for wire services and magazines. His book The Making of the President, 1960 (1961), which depicts the behind-the-scenes story of the 1960 presidential election, won a Pulitzer Prize. He also covered the 1964, 1968, and 1972 presidential elections, and these books have become classics on the subject of presidential elections. His other books include Thunder Out of China (1946), which led to him being forced out of Time magazine for being too sympathetic to China, Breach of Faith: The Fall of Richard Nixon (1975), which described the downfall of Nixon, and the autobiographical In Search of History: A Personal Adventure (1978). In 1985, he published an article in The New York Times Magazine entitled "The Japanese Threat," which was a harsh criticism of Japan's export offensive. white
White, Andrew Dickson Born November 7, 1832, Homer, New York
[Died] November 4, 1918. Ithaca, New York. American educator and diplomat. Founder and first president of Cornell University. Graduated from Yale University in 1853, he continued to study in Europe for three years. During this time, he served as a member of the American legation in St. Petersburg from 1854 to 1855. After returning to the United States, he became a professor of history and English literature at the University of Michigan. His long-held dream of establishing a state university in New York State without restrictions in terms of sect, sex, race, or department was realized with the founding and chartering of Cornell University through donations from E. Cornell and state land donated by the Morrill Act. As the first president, he devoted his utmost energy and a large amount of his fortune to the university's future development. He served as many government commissioners, minister to Germany (1879-81) and Russia (1892-94), ambassador to Germany (1897-1903), and chief plenipotentiary at the Hague Peace Conference in 1899. His major works include A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom (1896) and Seven Great Statesmen in the Warfare of Humanity with Unreason (1910). white
Whyte, William Foote Born June 27, 1914 in Springfield, Massachusetts.
[Died] July 16, 2000.
American sociologist. Educated at Swarthmore College and Harvard University, he received his doctorate from the University of Chicago in 1943. In 1948, he became professor in the Department of Industrial and Labor Relations at Cornell University. From the perspective of industrial sociology, he viewed management not as production but as a social system of individuals and groups that includes human relationships. His other research interests include small groups of juvenile gangs, restaurant employees, employees and customers, and labor-management relations, and he is interested in the internal status of primary groups, group activities, and the human emotional elements within management organizations. His major works include Street Corner Society: the Social Structure of an Italian Slum (1943) and Human Relations in the Restaurant Industry (48). white
White, Stanford Born: November 9, 1853 in New York
Died June 25, 1906. American architect, son of philologist R. White. He studied under H. Richardson from 1872, and in 1879 opened the McKim, Mead & White architectural firm in New York with C. McKim and W. Mead. The firm played a central role in the revival of American neoclassical architecture from the late 1890s to the early 20th century. In contrast to McKim's strength, his firm was characterized by delicate and decorative beauty, as seen in R. Shaw's manor houses. He was stabbed to death by a mentally ill man at Madison Square Garden. His works included the Casino (1881, Newport), I. Bell II House (1881-1882, same), and Villard House (1885, New York), as well as the Century Club, Herald Building, and Madison Square Garden in New York. white
White, Patrick (Victor Martindale) Born: May 28, 1912, London
[Died] September 30, 1990.
Australian novelist. 1973 Nobel Prize winner in Literature. Graduated from Cambridge University. Served in the Royal Air Force in the Middle East during World War II, and returned to Australia after the war. His first novel, Happy Valley (1933), was followed by The Living and the Dead (41), The Tree of Man (55), Voss (57), The Vivisector (70), The Eye of the Storm (74), Flaws in the Glass (80), and others. His plays include Return to Abyssinia (47). An internationally acclaimed author that Australia can be proud of. white
White, Leonard Dupee Born January 17, 1891 in Acton, Massachusetts.
[Died] February 23, 1958. Acton, Massachusetts. American public administration scholar. After receiving his degrees from Dartmouth College and the University of Chicago, he taught at the University of Chicago from 1920 to 1956. He also served as chairman of the Federal Committee on Personnel Administration. He was strongly influenced by the administrative reform movement and became its advocate. He developed the theory that administration is a process common to all organizations and should be viewed from a managerial perspective rather than a legal one, and as a leading figure in the so-called Chicago School, he played a major role in establishing modern public administration. His main work is Introduction to the Study of Public Administration (1926). white
White, Edward Higgins, II Born: November 14, 1930, San Antonio
[Died] January 27, 1967. Cape Kennedy American astronaut. After graduating from the United States Military Academy, he served in the Air Force. In 1959, he received a master's degree from the University of Michigan Department of Aeronautics and graduated from the Air Force Test Pilot School. He was selected as one of the second class of astronauts in 1962. In June 1965, he boarded Gemini 4 with C. McDivitt and became the first American to successfully complete a 20-minute spacewalk. On January 27, 1967, a fire broke out in the Apollo spacecraft during a preliminary test of the Saturn IB rocket at Cape Kennedy, and he died along with V. Grissom and R. Chaffee. He was one of the first casualties in the American space flight program. white
White, Harry Dexter Born: October 29, 1892, Boston
[Died] August 16, 1948, Bethesda, Maryland. American economist. He first taught economics at a university, but joined the Treasury Department in 1934 and gradually gained recognition as a New Deal theorist. During World War II, as Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, he drafted the "Allied International Stabilization Fund" which was the US's original proposal for the International Monetary Fund (IMF). It is said that the first draft was far more ambitious and had a stronger supranational character than the one that was deliberated and revised in the US and released. From 1946 to 1947, he was the first US representative director of the IMF. He was summoned to the House of Representatives Committee on Un-American Activities on suspicion of anti-American activities, but died without any conclusive evidence. white
White, Hugh Lawson Born September 30, 1773 in Iredell, North Carolina
Died April 10, 1840, Knockville, Tennessee. American lawyer and politician. Served as a justice of the Tennessee Supreme Court (1801-07), a state senator (07-09), president of the Tennessee State Bank (12-27), and then as a U.S. senator (25-40). As chairman of the Committee on Indian Affairs, he actively supported the forced relocation of Indians west of the Mississippi River. He initially supported President A. Jackson, but ran as a Whig candidate against Jackson's candidate M. Van Buren in the 1836 presidential election, but was defeated. white
White, John Born: June 29, 1590, Pembroke
Died January 29, 1645, London. English politician. A Puritan of Welsh origin, he became a lawyer and played an active role in the construction of the American colonies, such as working hard to obtain a charter for the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629. He was elected to the House of Commons in 1640, and soon became chairman of the Committee to Investigate Corruption in the Clergy. He submitted a report entitled "First Century of Scandalous Malignant Priests," which criticized the corruption of the clergy, and for this reason he was called "Century White." white
White, Terence Hanbury Born: May 29, 1906, Bombay
[died] January 17, 1964. Piraievs, Greece. British novelist. Known for his trilogy, which satirizes modern times in the form of Arthurian legend: The Sword in the Stone (1939), The Witch in the Wood (40), and The Ill-Made Knight (41), later revised and republished in one volume, The Once and Future King (58). white
White, Charles Born: 4 October 1728, Manchester
[Died] February 13, 1813. Ashton-a-von-Mersey, Cheshire. British surgeon and obstetrician. One of the founders of orthopedic surgery. In 1785, he described the White method, a method of reducing dislocation of the humerus by placing the heel on the armpit. As an obstetrician, in 1773, he identified the cause of puerperal fever as "operative" fever, earlier than I. Semmelbeis, and emphasized the importance of treating puerperal women cleanly. He also discovered that the relative length of the upper limbs compared to the lower limbs differs between races, and is said to be the founder of anthropometry. white
White, Edward Douglass Born November 3, 1845 in Lafourche, Louisiana
Died: May 19, 1921, Washington, DC
American lawyer and politician. He fought in the Confederate Army during the Civil War. After the war, he studied law and served as a Louisiana State Senator in 1874, a state Supreme Court justice in 1878, and a U.S. Senator from 1891 to 1894, playing an active role as a powerful Democratic Party member. He was appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court in 1894, and served as Chief Justice of the Court from 1911 to 1921. He expressed his own unique views on territorial annexations, such as the 1898 annexation of Hawaii, and on the legal interpretation of the Sherman Antitrust Act. white
White, Gilbert Born 18 July 1720, Selborne, Hampshire
[Died] June 26, 1793. Selborne, Hampshire. British naturalist and clergyman. Author of the famous "Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne" (1789). He lived in his hometown of Selborne for the rest of his life. He observed natural phenomena around him, recorded them in a journal, and sent them to friends in letters. This led to the creation of "Natural History" based on 110 letters. white
White, Paul Dudley Born June 6, 1886 in Boston
[Died] October 31, 1973. Belmont was an American cardiologist. He graduated from Harvard University. He served as an intern, physician, director of the cardiac department and research institute, and consultant to the hospital at Massachusetts General Hospital. During that time, he served as a professor at Harvard Medical School, president of the American Heart Association, consultant to the National Heart Institute, and president of the International Society of Cardiology. He was a world authority on cardiology, and served as the attending physician to President D. Eisenhower when he was struck by coronary thrombosis in September 1955. white
White, Richard Grant Born: May 23, 1821 in New York
[Died] April 8, 1885, New York. American philologist and author. Known especially for his Shakespeare criticism and compilations. In addition to Shakespeare's Scholar (1854), he also wrote The New Gospel of Peace According to St. Benjamin (4 volumes, 63-66), which satirized Northerners who sympathized with the South during the Civil War. white
White, Leslie Alvin Born January 19, 1900 in Salida, Colorado
[Died] March 31, 1975, Lone Pine, California. American cultural anthropologist. Professor at the University of Michigan. He reevaluated the ideas of the 19th century cultural evolutionist L. Morgan. His assertions of modern significance are called neo-evolutionism, and he strongly criticized the research methods and cultural typology of F. Boas and others who were more interested in history and geography. His main work is The Evolution of Culture (1959). white
White, George Born: 1890. New York
Died October 10, 1968. American producer and dancer from Hollywood. Famous for his revues that incorporated dance steps such as the Charleston. His self-written and self-performed work George White's Scandals of 1919 (music by G. Gershwin) was well-received, and he has since performed it every year, becoming a New York institution. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
