A general term for polymers with acetal bonds. They are divided into homopolymers (single polymers) with the acetal bond -O-CH 2 -O in the main chain, and copolymers with CH 2 -OCH 2 (CH 2 )O- bonds. Acetal resins are made up of these as their main components. Polyacetal has been attracting attention as an engineering plastic that can replace metals. In terms of mechanical strength and heat resistance, homopolymers are higher than copolymers, but their thermal stability is poor, so care must be taken when molding. Generally, the polymer terminals are acetylated to improve thermal stability. The common features of both types are their sliding (friction) properties and wear resistance, making them the standard material for gears and other sliding parts (the relative movement of two parts is called "sliding," and such parts are called "sliding parts.") Disadvantages include low heat resistance (heat distortion temperature 100-136°C) and the inability to provide flame retardancy. [Hiroshi Kakiuchi] "Engineering Plastics" by Toshiro Kataoka et al. (1987, Kyoritsu Shuppan)" ▽ "Polymer Alloy Utilization Notes - Guidelines for Material Selection and Design" edited by Takashi Inoue (1992, Industrial Research Association)" ▽ "Polyacetal Resin Handbook" edited by Kikuo Takano (1992, Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun)" [Reference] | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アセタール結合をもつ重合体(ぽりまー)の総称。アセタール結合-O-CH2-Oを主鎖にもつホモポリマー(単独重合体)とCH2-OCH2(CH2)O-の結合との共重合物(コポリマー)に分けられる。これらを主成分とするものがアセタール樹脂である。ポリアセタールは、金属を代替するエンジニアリング・プラスチックとして注目されている。機械的強度と耐熱性においては、ホモポリマーはコポリマーより高いが、熱安定性が悪く、成形時に注意が必要である。一般に、ポリマーの末端をアセチル化して、熱安定性を向上させている。 両タイプに共通する特徴は、摺動(しゅうどう)(すべり摩擦)性と耐摩耗性で、ギアなど摺動部品(二つの部品が相対運動することを「摺動」といい、そういった部分を「摺動部」という)の基準材料となっている。欠点としては、耐熱性が低い(熱変形温度100~136℃)ことと、難燃性を付与できないことなどである。 [垣内 弘] 『片岡俊郎ほか著『エンジニアリングプラスチック』(1987・共立出版)』▽『井上隆編著『ポリマーアロイ活用ノート――材料選択・設計の指針』(1992・工業調査会)』▽『高野菊雄編『ポリアセタール樹脂ハンドブック』(1992・日刊工業新聞社)』 [参照項目] | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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