An uprising of Romanian peasants in Transylvania that occurred in 1784. It is also called the Horia-Kroška-Kršan Revolt, named after the three leaders of the uprising. Horia (meaning "the flute master") was a Romanian serf (commonly called Motsi) who lived in the Apsen Mountains in Transylvania. His real name was Vasile Ursu Nikola (?-1875). He went to Vienna four times between 1779 and 1784 to appeal directly to Maria Theresa and Joseph II, seeking the liberation of Romanians from serfdom, but his appeal was not accepted. So in November 1784, he held a people's meeting in Butium, and at the end of the same month, he drew up a platform calling for the abolition of noble estates and their distribution to the serfs. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1784年に起きたトランシルバニアのルーマニア人農民の蜂起。蜂起の3人の指導者の名を付してホリア・クロシュカ・クリシャンの乱ともいう。ホリアHoria(〈フルートの名手〉の意)はトランシルバニアのアプセン山脈に住んでいたルーマニア人(一般にモツィと呼ばれる)農奴で,本名はニコラVasile Ursu Nikola(?‐1875)。ルーマニア人の農奴身分からの解放を求めて,1779‐84年に4度ウィーンへ赴き,マリア・テレジアとヨーゼフ2世に直訴したが聞き入れられなかったので,84年11月ブチウムで民衆集会を開き,同月末には貴族所領の廃止と,それの農奴への分配を要求する綱領を作成した。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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