A forest belt reduces wind speed through frictional resistance, preventing disasters caused by strong winds and increasing land utilization. Legally, windbreaks are designated as windbreak forests, sand-flying protection forests, and sea damage protection forests under the Forest Act, but many windbreaks are not designated as protection forests in terms of area. Windbreaks are broadly divided into two types: inland windbreaks (or farmland windbreaks) that protect crops in inland fields, and coastal windbreaks that are found in coastal areas and play a major role in preventing disasters and improving living conditions by preventing strong winds, sea breezes, and sand-flying. The forest belt is perpendicular to the wind, and its width must be at least 10 meters for inland windbreaks and at least 150 meters for coastal windbreaks. Evergreen trees that grow quickly, have deep roots, and are highly wind-resistant are used. [Yoshito Kasahara] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
森林の摩擦抵抗によって風速を減少させ、強風による災害を防止すると同時に、土地利用度を高める働きをする林帯。法律的には森林法における防風保安林、飛砂防備保安林、潮害防備保安林が防風林にあたるが、面積的には保安林に指定されていない防風林が多い。防風林は内陸田畑の作物を保護する内陸防風林(あるいは耕地防風林)と、沿岸地域にあって暴風、潮風、飛砂を防ぎ災害防止と生活環境の改善に大きな働きをする海岸防風林の二つに大別される。林帯は常風に直交させ、その幅は内陸防風林は10メートル以上、海岸防風林は150メートル以上が必要である。樹種は、成長が速く深根性で耐風性の大きな常緑樹が用いられる。 [笠原義人] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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