Henie, Sonja

Japanese: ヘニー(英語表記)Henie, Sonja
Henie, Sonja
Born: April 8, 1912 in Christiania, Norway
[Died] October 12, 1969. On a flight to Oslo. Norwegian-born American figure skater. Won three consecutive Olympic Winter Games and was also active as a professional skater and film actress. She began ballet lessons at the age of five and was influenced by Anna P. Pavlova. She began skating at the age of six and won the Norwegian national figure skating championship at the age of ten. She participated in the 1924 Chamonix Winter Olympic Games, where she incorporated ballet techniques into her skating routines, transforming the previously boring, formulaic skating into a glamorous and popular show. She was also the first female figure skater to wear a short skirt that was above the knee. She excelled at spins, and could spin about 80 times in her programs, incorporating 19 different spins. She won the Norwegian Championships from 1922 to 1934, the European Championships six times in a row (1931-36), and the World Championships ten times in a row (1927-36). She won gold medals in three Olympic Winter Games: the 1928 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz, the 1932 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, and the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen. She turned professional after the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen. In 1936, she signed a contract with 20th Century Fox and starred in ten films, including One in a Million (1936-37) and Thin Ice (1937). She became an American citizen in 1941. In later years, she became known as a collector and patron of modern art. In 1968, together with her third husband, Norwegian shipping magnate Nils Onstad, she founded the Henie Onstad Art Centre, a museum of contemporary art near Oslo, Norway. (See Ice Skating, Olympic Winter Games.)

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1912.4.8. ノルウェー,クリスチャニア
[没]1969.10.12. オスロへ向かう機中
ノルウェー生まれのアメリカ合衆国のフィギュアスケート選手。オリンピック冬季競技大会で 3連覇し,プロのスケート選手や映画女優としても活躍した。5歳からバレエを習い始め,アンナ・P.パブロワの影響を受けた。6歳でスケートを始め,10歳のときにノルウェー国内のフィギュアスケート選手権大会で優勝。1924年シャモニー・オリンピック冬季競技大会に出場し,スケートの演技にバレエの表現方法を取り入れて,それまでの型にはまった味気ない滑走を,華やかで人気のあるショーに変えた。また,女子フィギュアスケートで初めて膝上丈の短いスカートを着用した。スピンを得意とし,プログラムに 19種類の異なるスピンを織り交ぜ,約 80回も回転することができた。1922年から 1934年までノルウェー選手権大会で優勝を重ね,ヨーロッパ選手権大会で 6連覇(1931~36),世界選手権大会で 10連覇(1927~36)した。オリンピックでは,1928年サンモリッツ・オリンピック冬季競技大会,1932年レークプラシッド・オリンピック冬季競技大会,1936年ガルミッシュパルテンキルヘン・オリンピック冬季競技大会の 3大会で金メダルを獲得した。1936年ガルミッシュパルテンキルヘン大会後にプロに転向した。1936年に 20世紀フォックスと契約し,『銀盤の女王』One in a Million(1936~37)や『氷上乱舞』Thin Ice(1937)など 10本の映画作品で主演した。1941年にアメリカ市民権を取得。後年は現代美術の収集家および後援者として名をはせた。1968年に 3人目の夫,ノルウェーの海運王ニルス・オンスタッドとともに,ノルウェーのオスロ近郊に現代美術館ヘニー・オンスタッド・アートセンターを設立した。(→アイススケート,オリンピック冬季競技大会)

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