Fenyang

A county-level city in central Shanxi Province, China. Located in the southwest of the Taiyuan Basin, it is a strategic transportation hub between Taiyuan and the middle and lower reaches of the Fen River. It belongs to the Lüliang prefecture-level city. Population: 425,000 (2014). During the Han dynasty, Zishi County was established here, and during the Wei dynasty, it was also the administrative center of Xihe County. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the county was renamed Yincheng and became the administrative center of Fenzhou, an administrative unit higher than Xihe County, and the center of central and western Shanxi. Later, during the Tang dynasty, the county became Xihe County, and Xihe County or Fenzhou was established there. During the Ming dynasty, the county was temporarily abolished, but Fenyang County was established again. In 1996, it was incorporated as a city.

The plains of the basin produce wheat, millet, and sorghum, while the mountains produce a lot of walnuts. The city's Xinghua Village town is blessed with good water and is known for producing Fenjiu, one of the eight great liquors of China.

[Motohide Akiyama, Editorial Department, October 19, 2017]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、山西(さんせい)省中部の県級市。太原(たいげん)盆地の南西にあって、太原と汾河(ふんが)の中・下流域との中間点を占める交通上の要衝である。呂梁(ろりょう)地級市に属する。人口42万5000（2014）。漢代に茲氏(じし)県が置かれ、魏(ぎ)代には西河(せいか)郡の治所も置かれた。南北朝時代には県は隰城(しつじょう)と改められ、西河郡より上位の行政単位である汾州の治所ともなり、山西中西部を統括する中心となった。その後、県は唐代に西河県となり、西河郡、または汾州が置かれた。明(みん)代に一時県が廃されたが、ふたたび汾陽県が置かれた。1996年に市制施行。

　盆地の平野では小麦、雑穀、コウリャンなどを産し、山地ではクルミを多く産する。また市内の杏花村(きょうかそん)鎮は良好な水に恵まれ、中国八大銘酒の一つ、汾酒(フェンチウ)の生産で知られる。

［秋山元秀・編集部　2017年10月19日］

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