A biological molecule specifically recognizes and reacts with other small or polymeric molecules. A typical example is an enzyme molecule that recognizes and acts on a specific substrate from among the thousands of types of molecules present in a cell. Life phenomena consist of countless molecular recognition processes. Representative molecules with recognition capabilities are proteins, and in addition to enzymes, antibodies, for example, recognize and bind to antigens with great specificity. Protein hormones recognize and bind to specific receptors on the cell surface. Many membrane proteins recognize specific molecules and allow them to pass through the membrane. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
生体分子が,他の低分子または高分子を特異的に識別して反応すること。酵素分子が,細胞内のなん千種類もの分子の中から,特定の基質を識別して作用することは典型的な例である。生命現象は無数の分子識別過程から成り立っている。識別能力をもつ代表的分子はタンパク質であり,酵素のほかにも,例えば抗体は抗原をきわめて特異的に識別して結合する。タンパク質ホルモンは細胞表面の特定のレセプターを識別し,結合する。多くの膜タンパク質は特定の分子を識別して膜を通過させる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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