Bradley, James

Japanese: ブラッドリー（英語表記）Bradley， James

Born: March 1693, Sherborne, Gloucestershire
[Died] July 13, 1762. Chalford, Gloucestershire. British astronomer. Studied theology at Oxford University and became a parish priest (1719). He began studying astronomy under the guidance of his uncle, and was also friends with E. Halley. He was a member of the Royal Society (18), professor of astronomy at Oxford University (21), and director of the Greenwich Observatory (42). He discovered two types of periodic changes in the apparent positions of the stars through precise observations, and determined that one was due to the combined effect of the Earth's orbital speed and the speed of light (discovery of aberration, reported by the Royal Society in 1728), and the other was due to the change in the direction of the Earth's axis of rotation caused by the gravitational force of the Moon (nutation). He received the Copley Medal from the Royal Society in 1748.

Bradley
Bradley, Omar N(elson)

Born February 12, 1893 in Clark, Missouri.
[Died] April 8, 1981. New York. American Army officer. Also spelled Bradley. Graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1915. In World War II, he served as a division commander, and in 1943, as commander of the 2nd Corps, participated in the North African campaign, liberating Tunisia and invading Sicily. In the same year, he transferred to Britain and participated in the French liberation campaign as commander of the 1st Army. In June 1944, he succeeded in the Normandy landings, liberating Paris, and then as supreme commander of the 12th Army Group, conquering France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, and Czechoslovakia. In 1949, he became the first Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. In 1950, he became a Field Marshal. After retiring in 1953, he became president of the Bulover Watch Company. He wrote a memoir, A Soldier's Story (1951).

Bradley
Bradley, Francis Herbert

Born 30 January 1846. Clapham, Surrey
Died September 18, 1924. British philosopher from Oxford. He studied at Oxford University, and became a research fellow at Merton College in 1870, where he remained for the rest of his life due to poor health. He was influenced by the German idealism of Hegel and others, and opposed the utilitarianism and utilitarian ethics of J.S. Mill. His main works are Principles of Logic (1883), Appearance and Reality (93), and Essays on Truth and Reality (1914).

Bradley
Bradley, Andrew Cecil

Born March 26, 1851, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire
[Died] September 2, 1935, London. British literary scholar and critic. Brother of FH Bradley. Studied philosophy at Oxford University, then switched to English literature. He served as professor of modern literature at Liverpool University, professor of English and English literature at Glasgow University, and professor of poetry at Oxford University. His Shakespearean Tragedy (1904), which discusses the four great tragedies, marked a new era in Shakespearean criticism.

Bradley
Bradley, Henry

[Born] 1845
[Died] 1923
British linguist. One of the editors of the Oxford English Dictionary, later its chief editor. His works include The Making of English (1904).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1693.3. グロスターシャー，シャボーン
[没]1762.7.13. グロスターシャー，チャルフォード
イギリスの天文学者。オックスフォード大学で神学を学び，教区牧師となる (1719) 。叔父の指導によって天文学研究を始め，E.ハレーとも親交があった。ロイヤル・ソサエティ会員 (18) ，オックスフォード大学天文学教授 (21) ，グリニッジ天文台台長 (42) 。精密観測によって発見した恒星の見かけの位置の2種の周期的変化のうち，一方が地球の公転速度と光速度との合成効果によるものであり (光行差の発見。 28年にロイヤル・ソサエティ報告) ，他方が月の引力による地球自転軸の方向変化 (章動 ) によるものであることを突止めた。 1748年ロイヤル・ソサエティからコプリー・メダルを受ける。

ブラッドリー
Bradley， Omar N(elson)

[生]1893.2.12. ミズーリ，クラーク
[没]1981.4.8. ニューヨーク
アメリカの陸軍軍人。ブラドレーとも表記される。 1915年陸軍士官学校卒業。第2次世界大戦では，師団長を経て，43年第2軍団長として北アフリカ作戦に従事，チュニジアを解放，さらにシチリア島に侵攻した。同年イギリスに転じ，第1軍司令官としてフランス解放作戦に参加，44年6月ノルマンディー上陸作戦に成功，パリを解放したあと，第 12軍集団最高司令官としてフランス，ベルギー，オランダ，ドイツ，チェコスロバキアを制圧した。 49年戦後初代統合参謀本部議長。 50年陸軍元帥。 53年退役後は，ブローバー時計会社社長に就任。著書に『回想録』A Soldier's Story (1951) がある。

ブラッドリー
Bradley， Francis Herbert

[生]1846.1.30. サーリー，クラファム
[没]1924.9.18. オックスフォード
イギリスの哲学者。オックスフォード大学に学び，1870年マートン・カレッジの研究員となり，病弱のため生涯この地位にとどまった。ヘーゲルらのドイツ観念論の影響を受け，J.S.ミルの功利主義や功利主義的倫理学に反対した。主著『論理学原理』 Principles of Logic (1883) ，『仮象と実在』 Appearance and Reality (93) ，『真理と実在』 Essays on Truth and Reality (1914) 。

ブラッドリー
Bradley， Andrew Cecil

[生]1851.3.26. グロスターシャー，チェルトナム
[没]1935.9.2. ロンドン
イギリスの文学研究者，批評家。 F.H.ブラッドリーの弟。オックスフォード大学で哲学を学び，のち英文学研究に転じ，リバプール大学の近代文学教授，グラスゴー大学の英語英文学教授，オックスフォード大学の詩学教授を歴任。四大悲劇を論じた『シェークスピアの悲劇』 Shakespearean Tragedy (1904) はシェークスピア批評に新紀元を画した。