A set of parallel horizontal lines used in Western music to indicate pitch. The lines and the spaces between them determine the pitch, and extra ledger lines are added for pitches outside that range. The number of lines has varied over time, with five being the norm since the 17th century, but Gregorian chant is still written with four lines. The pitches that each line and space represents are determined by the clef at the beginning of the staff. For piano, harp, and organ music, a grand staff is used, with two or three staves connected by a bracket on the left edge and a long vertical line, while for percussion instruments with unclear pitches, such as cymbals and drums, a staff with only a single horizontal line is used. [Toshiaki Kurosaka] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
西洋音楽で音高を示すために用いる一組の水平な平行線のことをいう。線とそれに挟まれる間(かん)によって音高が決定され、その範囲を越える音高に対しては臨時に加線がつけられる。線の数は時代によって異なり、17世紀以降は5本が一般的であるが、グレゴリオ聖歌は、いまなお四線で書かれている。それぞれの線や間がどの音高を示すかについては、譜表の最初に置かれた音部記号が決定する。 なお、ピアノやハープやオルガンのための楽曲には二つまたは三つの譜表が左端の括弧(かっこ)と長い縦線で結び付けられた大譜表、シンバルや太鼓のような音高が不明瞭(ふめいりょう)な打楽器のための楽曲には1本の水平線だけからなる譜表が用いられる。 [黒坂俊昭] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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