Vorster, John

Japanese: フォルスター(英語表記)Vorster, John
Vorster, John
Born: December 13, 1915, Jamestown
Died: September 10, 1983, Cape Town. South African politician and lawyer. Prime Minister (1966-78) and President (1978-79). Born Balthazar Johannes Vorster. Descendant of Dutch immigrants. Graduated from Stellenbosch University and became a lawyer. Elected to the House of Representatives in 1953. Became Minister of Justice in 1961, and succeeded Prime Minister Hendrik F. Verwoerd, who was assassinated in September 1966, as Prime Minister, and was also elected leader of the National Party. As a right-winger within the party, he advocated a hardline apartheid policy, but in May 1970, he visited Malawi, a black nation, for the first time and signed an economic cooperation agreement, becoming more flexible. From 1974, he implemented an active racial detente policy abroad, and at home, he implemented a partial relaxation of the apartheid policy, making desperate efforts to ensure the survival of the white minority government. In September 1978, he handed over the prime ministerial position to PW Botha and became president. In June 1979, the Muldergate scheme, an attempt to circumvent international opinion by buying up foreign media, was uncovered, and he resigned as president in the same year.

Forster
Forster, Johann Georg

Born November 26, 1754 in Nassenhuben, near Danzig (now Gdansk)
Died January 12, 1794. Paris. German natural scientist. He participated in J. Cook's second circumnavigation of the world, and wrote A Voyage Round the World (Reise um die Welt, 1778-80) in 1777. As a natural scientist, he was professor at the University of Kassel (1778-84) and at Vilna (1784-87), and librarian at the Elector's Library of Mainz (1788-92). He traveled to various European countries with A. Humboldt, and wrote Ansichten vom Niederrhein (Landscapes of the Lower Rhine, 3 volumes, 91-94). Politically, he was sympathetic to the ideas of the French Revolution, and was nominated to become vice-president of the Mainz Republic, which was established when the French army invaded the country in 1792. However, while he was away in Paris for diplomatic negotiations, Mainz was occupied by the Prussian army in 1793, and he died in Paris in disappointment.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1915.12.13. ジェームズタウン
[没]1983.9.10. ケープタウン
南アフリカ共和国の政治家,法律家。首相(在任 1966~78),大統領(在任 1978~79)。本名 Balthazar Johannes Vorster。オランダ移民の子孫。ステレンボッシュ大学卒業後,弁護士となった。1953年に下院議員に当選。1961年に法務大臣となり,1966年9月に暗殺されたヘンドリク・F.フルウールト首相の跡を継いで首相の座につき,同時に国民党党首に選ばれた。党内では右派として強硬なアパルトヘイト(人種隔離)政策を唱えたが,1970年5月に初めて黒人国家のマラウイを訪問し,経済協力協定に調印するなど柔軟な姿勢に転じた。1974年から対外的には積極的な人種的デタント政策を展開し,国内ではアパルトヘイト政策の部分的緩和を実施するなど,少数白人政権の生存のために必死の努力を続けた。1978年9月に首相の座を P.W.ボータに譲って大統領に就任。1979年6月,国際世論をかわそうとして行なわれたムルダーゲートと呼ばれる外国マスコミ買収工作が発覚し,同 1979年に大統領を辞任した。

フォルスター
Forster, Johann Georg

[生]1754.11.26. ダンチヒ(現グダニスク)近郊ナッセンフーベン
[没]1794.1.12. パリ
ドイツの自然科学者。 J.クックの第2次世界周航に参加し,1777年『世界周航記』A Voyage Round the World (Reise um die Welt〈1778~80〉) を著わした。自然科学者として,78~84年カッセル,84~87年ビルナ各大学教授を歴任,88~92年マインツ選帝侯図書館司書。 A.フンボルトとともにヨーロッパ各国を旅行し,『ライン下流域の景観』 Ansichten vom Niederrhein (3巻,91~94) を著わした。政治的には,フランス革命の理念に共鳴し,92年フランス軍の進駐とともにできたマインツ共和政府の副大統領に推されたが,パリに外交交渉におもむいている留守中,マインツは 93年プロシア軍に占領され,失意のうちにパリで客死した。

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