Feng Xuefeng - Balloon

Chinese literary critic. Born in Yiwu, Zhejiang Province. He began writing poetry while studying at Zhejiang No. 1 Normal School. He joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1927, and in the late 1920s, he energetically translated Marxist art theory documents, through which he met and gained the trust of Lu Xun. In the 1930s, he joined the Left Writers League, and in 1933, he moved to the Jiangxi Soviet and participated in the Long March. In 1936, he returned to Shanghai and, together with Lu Xun, he clashed with Zhou Yang and others in the debate over national defense literature. In the latter part of the war against Japan, he was imprisoned in a camp by the Kuomintang. After liberation, he served as editor-in-chief of Literary and Art Daily and vice-chairman of the Writers Association for a while, and was active in critical work, including studying Lu Xun, but in 1957 he was labeled a "rightist" and fell from grace, and died on January 31, 1976. He was posthumously rehabilitated in 1979. His works include On Lu Xun and Other Matters (1940), Reminiscences of Lu Xun (1952), and Three Hundred Allegories of Xuefeng (1949). He also published the Collected Works of Xuefeng in four volumes (1981-85).

[Noboru Maruyama]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国の文芸評論家。浙江(せっこう)省義烏出身。浙江第一師範在学中に詩作を開始した。1927年中国共産党に入党、20年代末、マルクス主義芸術論の文献を精力的に翻訳し、これを通じて魯迅(ろじん)と知り合いその信頼を得た。30年代には左翼作家連盟に参加、33年江西ソビエトに移り、長征に参加、36年ふたたび上海(シャンハイ)に戻り、国防文学論争では魯迅とともに周揚らと対立した。抗日戦後期には国民党により収容所に入れられた。解放後しばらくは『文芸報』編集長、作家協会副主席を務め、魯迅研究をはじめ活発な評論活動を行ったが、57年「右派」とされて失脚、76年1月31日死去。死後の79年に名誉を回復した。著作には『魯迅論及其他』（1940）、『回憶魯迅』（1952）、『雪峰寓言(ぐうげん)三百篇(ぺん)』（1949）などがあり、『雪峰文集』全4巻（1981―85）が刊行されている。

［丸山　昇］

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