Originally a French word meaning a pile supporting a building, in modern architecture it refers to an open-air area where independent columns support a building. It is one of the five principles of modern architecture proposed by Le Corbusier, and is a form that aims to liberate the ground by lifting the building off the ground, achieve spatial continuity, and enable free traffic. Early examples of this design include the Villa Savoy in Poissy (1931) and the Swiss Student House in the Cité Internationale Universitaire in Paris (1932), both of which were designed by him, and it was adopted on a large scale in the Unité d'Habitation in Marseille (1952). [Michio Maekawa] In 2016, Villa Savoy and the Unité d'Habitation were registered as part of the UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) World Heritage Sites as part of the "Architectural Work of Le Corbusier: An Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement" (World Cultural Heritage). [Editorial Department, February 16, 2017] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
もともとフランス語で建物を支持する杭(くい)を意味するが、近代建築の用語としては独立柱が建物を支持する吹き放しの部分をさす。ル・コルビュジエが提唱した近代建築の五原則の一つで、建物を大地から持ち上げることによって地上を解放し、空間的連続性を獲得して自由な交通を可能にしようとする造形である。彼の設計になるポワッシーのビラ・サボワ(1931)やパリの国際大学都市のスイス学生会館(1932)が初期の例であり、マルセイユのユニテ・ダビタシオン(1952)で大規模に採用されている。 [前川道郎] なお、ビラ・サボワとユニテ・ダビタシオンは、2016年、「ル・コルビュジエの建築作品:近代建築運動への顕著な貢献」の構成資産の一つとして、ユネスコ(国連教育科学文化機関)の世界遺産の文化遺産に登録された(世界文化遺産)。 [編集部 2017年2月16日] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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