Sidney Hillman

Japanese: ヒルマン - ひるまん(英語表記)Sidney Hillman
Sidney Hillman

American labor movement leader. Born a Russian Jew. After being imprisoned for participating in strikes and revolutionary movements, he immigrated to the United States in 1907. He started out as a garment worker, but devoted himself to union activities, and in 1914 he organized the United Garment Union, becoming its president, a position he held for the rest of his life. Socialists were influential within the union, and he was close to them, and although he did not join the AFL (American Federation of Labor) until 1934, he pioneered a new direction for active and liberal union activities. In 1935, together with Lewis, he was a central figure in the formation of the Committee of Industrial Organizing, the precursor to the CIO (Congress of Industrial Unions), and set the direction for the modern American labor movement, including large industrial unions in the heavy industry sector and active political activities. He also had close contact with F. D. Roosevelt, and served as an advisory committee member for government agencies, earning him the nickname "labor politician."

[Hideyo Naganuma]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アメリカの労働運動指導者。ロシア系ユダヤ人として生まれる。ストや革命運動参加で投獄を経験したのち、1907年に移民した。衣服工から組合活動に専念し、14年、合同衣服組合を組織して会長となり、終生その地位にあった。同組合では社会主義者が有力であり、彼もそれに近い立場で34年までAFL(アメリカ労働総同盟)に加入せぬまま、積極的かつリベラルな組合活動の新機軸を開いた。35年、ルイスとともにCIO(産業別組合会議)の前身である産業別組織委員会結成の中心となり、重工業部門の産業別大組合、活発な政治活動など現代アメリカ労働運動の方向をつくりだした。一方、F・D・ルーズベルトと親しく接触し、政府機関の諮問委員を歴任し、「労働者政治家」といわれた。

[長沼秀世]

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